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Diverse Concepts of God
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Polytheism
The belief in multiple gods or deities, with distinct functions and stories, often found in religions such as Hinduism, Ancient Greek religion, and Norse mythology.
Agnosticism
The position that the existence or non-existence of God or gods is unknown or unknowable, as articulated by thinkers like Thomas Huxley.
Elohim in Kabbalistic Judaism
A term for God in Kabbalah that refers to the divine manifesting in the world through the sefirot, representing different aspects of God.
Deism
The belief that God exists as a prime mover, but does not interfere with the world, prominent during the Age of Enlightenment, among thinkers like Voltaire and Thomas Paine.
Animism
The belief that all natural phenomena, including animals, plants, and often even inanimate objects, possess a spiritual essence, prevalent in many indigenous religions.
The Great Spirit in Native American Religions
A transcendent force that represents the supreme being in many Native American religions, often associated with nature and life.
Pantheism
The belief that the universe and nature are equivalent to God, God is everything and everything is God, seen in some interpretations of Hinduism and in Spinoza's philosophy.
God in Unitarian Universalism
A liberal religious movement that may interpret God in many ways, including theistically, atheistically, or through a humanist lens, emphasizing personal experience and reason.
Monotheism in Christianity
Belief in one eternal God who is the creator and sustainer, revealed through the Trinity (Father, Son, Holy Spirit), central to Christian doctrine.
Monad in Gnosticism
The ultimate reality or supreme being in Gnostic belief systems, considered as the singular source of all creation, often unknowable and transcendent.
Dao in Daoism
The fundamental principle underlying the universe in Daoist philosophy, often described as the 'way' or natural order of life, ineffable and beyond human grasp.
Monotheism
The belief in one all-powerful, all-knowing God who is the creator and sustainer of the universe, prevalent in religions like Christianity, Islam, and Judaism.
God in Judaism
An omnipotent, omniscient, and benevolent being, central to Jewish belief, who is deeply personal and has an ongoing relationship with the Jewish people.
Unkulunkulu in Zulu Mythology
The supreme creator in Zulu mythology, who is believed to have originated from the reeds and from whom humanity came into existence.
Tawhid in Islam
The concept of monotheism in Islam, asserting the oneness of God (Allah), and that there is no other entity worthy of worship, a core tenet of Islamic belief.
Waheguru in Sikhism
The supreme God in Sikhism, a monotheistic faith, where God is omnipresent, shapeless, timeless, and sightless (Nirankar, Akal, and Alakh Niranjan).
Māori Gods (Atua)
In Māori tradition, multiple gods or 'atua' are associated with nature and the environment, each with its domain, like Tangaroa of the sea and Tāwhirimātea of the wind.
God in Process Theology
A belief within some Christian and Jewish thinkers who argue that God is not omnipotent and is subject to change, in contrast to classical theism.
God in Confucianism
While Confucianism focuses on moral order and social harmony, the concept of a Supreme Being is secondary, often referred to as 'Heaven' or 'Tian', guiding moral principles.
God in Platonism
In Platonic philosophy, God is the supreme Good and source of all reality, often associated with the Form of the Good, beyond the material world.
Pandeism
The belief that God created the universe and then became the universe, effectively ceasing to exist as a separate entity, a synthesis of deism and pantheism.
Brahman in Hinduism
The ultimate reality and cosmic spirit in Hindu philosophy, transcending all phenomena, with various deities conceptualized as its manifestations.
Panentheism
The belief that God is greater than the universe and encompasses it, but that the universe is also part of God, as in some interpretations of Christianity and Hinduism.
Ahura Mazda in Zoroastrianism
The supreme God in Zoroastrianism, representing all that is good, in an eternal struggle against the evil spirit Angra Mainyu.
Atheism
The absence or rejection of belief in the existence of God or gods, often associated with secular humanism and scientific skepticism.
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