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Philosophy of Public Discourse

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Public Reason

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Public reason refers to a mode of discourse grounded in premises that all citizens can accept, as opposed to private reason, which is grounded in individual biases. Within social philosophy, public reason is central to the concept of a fair social order where citizens reason together to establish laws and policies.

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Rhetoric

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Rhetoric is the art of persuasion through communication. It is a key aspect of social philosophy's philosophy of public discourse as it provides tools for constructing persuasive arguments and engaging in effective public debate.

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Pluralism

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Pluralism is the philosophical concept that numerous distinct ethnic, religious, or cultural groups should be allowed to thrive in a single society. In the philosophy of public discourse, it underscores the belief that a healthy public sphere should reflect a diversity of viewpoints.

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Public Intellectuals

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Public intellectuals are thinkers who apply their intellect and scholarship to public discourse on societal issues. In social philosophy, they are seen as influential figures who bring expertise and credibility to public debates and contribute to the intellectual climate of their society.

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Echo Chambers

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Echo chambers are situations in which beliefs are amplified or reinforced by communication and repetition inside a closed system. In terms of social philosophy and public discourse, they are criticized for stifling the exchange of differing viewpoints and undermining informed public debate.

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Habermas's Theory of Communicative Action

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Habermas's Theory of Communicative Action is a two-volume work that presents a theory of social interaction based on the concept of communicative rationality. In social philosophy, this theory underpins the ideal of a rational-critical public discourse where participants aim for mutual understanding and consensus.

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Discourse Ethics

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Discourse ethics proposes that norms and principles gain their validity through the agreement of the all-affected in rational discourse. In social philosophy, it's important for emphasizing the need for inclusivity and consensus in public dialog.

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Filter Bubbles

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Filter bubbles are a state of intellectual isolation that can occur when algorithms determine the information a user would like to see online, thus constraining exposure to new or differing ideas. They hold significant implications for social philosophy in terms of the challenges posed to informed and diverse public discourse.

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Censorship

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Censorship involves the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information which may be considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or inconvenient. Within social philosophy, it is a central point of examination regarding its impact on free expression and the health of public discourse.

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Propaganda

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Propaganda is the systemic dissemination of information or ideas to influence the public's views, often for political purposes. In social philosophy, it raises concerns about the manipulation of public discourse and the potential erosion of a genuinely deliberative democratic process.

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Public Sphere

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The public sphere refers to an area in social life where individuals can come together to freely discuss and identify societal problems, and through that discussion influence political action. In social philosophy, it plays a critical role in democratic societies by legitimating public opinion as a political force.

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Deliberative Democracy

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Deliberative democracy is a normative theory of democratic legitimacy and governance that emphasizes the need for decision-making to be based on informed, high-quality discussion and deliberation amongst citizens. It's significant in social philosophy as it aims to strengthen the democratic process by encouraging public reasoning and consensus-building.

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The Public and Its Problems

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The Public and Its Problems is a 1927 book by John Dewey that critiques the degradation of public discourse and deliberation through the rise of the mass media and political manipulation. Its significance in social philosophy lies in its thoughtful analysis and call for the rejuvenation of a vibrant public sphere.

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Freedom of Speech

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Freedom of speech is the legal and philosophical right to communicate one's opinions and ideas using one's body and property to anyone who is willing to receive them. Its role in social philosophy involves ensuring that a wide range of perspectives can be aired, contributing to a more robust public discourse.

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Civil Society

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Civil society is composed of the voluntary civic and social organizations and institutions that form the basis of a functioning society. It is vital in social philosophy for providing a platform for public discourse independent of the government.

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Ideology

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Ideology is a coherent set of beliefs and values that a group or society holds, which provides a framework for thinking about and making sense of the world. In the philosophy of public discourse, ideology influences the shaping of social narratives and public dialogue.

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Counterpublics

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Counterpublics are parallel discursive arenas where members of subordinated social groups invent and circulate counterdiscourses to formulate oppositional interpretations of their identities, interests, and needs. In social philosophy, they are important areas for promoting alternative perspectives within the wider public discourse.

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Public Dialogue

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Public dialogue is an open and inclusive discussion that takes place in the public sphere with the aim of reaching a mutual understanding about societal issues. It constitutes a core element of social philosophy by facilitating informed public participation and decision-making.

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Overton Window

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The Overton Window is a model for understanding how ideas in society change over time and which ideas define the domain of acceptability within public discourse. Its relevance in social philosophy pertains to the shifting nature of political and social norms and the boundaries of permissible talk and policy.

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Doxastic Commitment

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Doxastic commitment refers to the degree to which one is committed to holding a particular belief. It's significant in the philosophy of public discourse as it can inform one's willingness to engage in open dialogue and consider alternative viewpoints in sociopolitical discussions.

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