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A religion other than one of the main world religions, specifically a non-Christian or pre-Christian religion.

The belief that nothing is known or can be known of the existence or nature of God or of anything beyond material phenomena.

Disbelief or lack of belief in the existence of God or gods.

An outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters.

A principle that involves the separation of the state from religious institutions.

A collection of ancient religious ideas and systems which originated in the first century AD among Jewish and early Christian sects. These various groups emphasized personal spiritual knowledge above the orthodox teachings, traditions, and authority of the church.

The division of something conceptually into two opposed or contrasted aspects, or the state of being so divided. In religion, dualism can mean the belief in two supreme opposed powers or gods, or sets of divine or demonic beings, that caused the world to exist.

A system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.

An attitude or policy regarding the diversity of religious belief systems co-existing in society.

A movement in Christian theology that emphasizes social concern for the poor and political liberation for oppressed peoples.

A form of philosophical monism which holds that matter is the fundamental substance in nature, and that all things, including mental aspects and consciousness, are results of material interactions.

A method of critical analysis of philosophical and literary language which emphasizes the internal workings of language and conceptual systems, the relational quality of meaning, and the assumptions implicit in forms of expression.

The belief that reality is identical with divinity, or that all-things compose an all-encompassing, immanent god.

The amalgamation or attempted amalgamation of different religions, cultures, or schools of thought.

The belief that objects, places, and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence.

The rejection of all religious and moral principles, in the belief that life is meaningless.

A term about the cycle of cause and effect wherein the intent and actions of an individual influence the future of that individual.

A form of religion, especially Islam or Protestant Christianity, that upholds belief in the strict, literal interpretation of scripture.

A lifestyle characterized by abstinence from sensual pleasures, often for the purpose of pursuing spiritual goals.