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Parts of the Brain and Their Functions

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Responsible for processing visual information.

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Occipital lobe

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Controls voluntary motor functions and muscle coordination.

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Motor cortex

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Involved in forming, storing, and retrieving memories.

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Hippocampus

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Key area for understanding spoken language.

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Wernicke's area

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Involved in speech production.

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Broca's area

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Manages executive functions such as planning, reasoning, and problem-solving.

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Prefrontal cortex

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Processes sensory information regarding the location of parts of the body as well as interpreting visual information and processing language and mathematics.

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Parietal lobe

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Plays a significant role in the regulation of emotions, autonomic functions, and hormone production.

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Hypothalamus

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Critical for balancing and coordination of voluntary movements.

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Cerebellum

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Central to voluntary muscle contraction.

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Primary motor cortex

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Involved in the interpretation of touch, pressure, and pain.

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Somatosensory cortex

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Coordinates the sleep-wake cycle and regulates arousal.

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Reticular formation

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Processes auditory information.

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Temporal lobe

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Functions as the main control center for the autonomic nervous system.

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Medulla oblongata

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Important for processing emotions and fear.

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Amygdala

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Plays key roles in consciousness and acts as a relay station for incoming sensory information.

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Thalamus

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Central for language comprehension and production.

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Broca's and Wernicke's areas

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Responsible for storing new information and is involved in the regulation of emotions and reactions.

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Hippocampus and Amygdala

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Participates in high-level cognitive functions such as decision-making, planning, and social behavior.

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Frontal lobe

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Involved in recognition of complex patterns and faces.

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Fusiform gyrus

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