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The Carnot Cycle
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Efficiency of Carnot Engine
The efficiency is the ratio of the work done by the engine to the heat absorbed from the hot reservoir, given by the equation .
Isentropic Expansion
An adiabatic process where the gas expands, doing work on the surroundings, and the entropy remains constant.
Isothermal Expansion
A process in which the gas expands slowly in thermal contact with a heat reservoir at constant temperature, doing work and absorbing heat.
Heat Rejection
During the isothermal compression phase, the system rejects a specific amount of heat to the cold reservoir.
Isothermal Compression
A process during which the gas is compressed at a constant temperature and releases heat to the cold reservoir.
Heat Absorption
During the isothermal expansion phase, the system absorbs a specific amount of heat from the hot reservoir.
Isentropic Compression
An adiabatic process where the gas is compressed, reducing volume without exchange of heat, and the entropy remains constant.
Reversibility
A characteristic of Carnot cycles where all processes can be reversed, with the system returning to its initial state without any net change in the external environment.
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