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Muscle of the upper arm that flexes the elbow and rotates the forearm.

Spiral-shaped, fluid-filled inner ear structure; it transforms sound into nerve impulses.

Lower jawbone, the only movable bone of the skull, holds the lower teeth.

Colored part of the eye, regulates the amount of light that enters the eye by changing the size of the pupil.

Muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is crucial for respiration.

Layer at the back of the eyeball that contains cells sensitive to light and triggers nerve impulses to the brain.

Chamber of heart responsible for pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

Inner layer of the kidney that forms the urine-concentrating mechanism.

Stores and concentrates bile, releasing it into the small intestine to aid digestion.

Male reproductive organs that produce sperm and testosterone.

Outermost layer of skin, providing a waterproof barrier and creating skin tone.

Cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body.

Produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolic rate and calcium levels.

Windpipe, conducts air to and from the lungs.

Major air passages of the lungs that diverge from the windpipe.

The thigh bone, longest and strongest bone in the body.

Organ involved in the production and removal of blood cells and forming part of the immune system.

Located in the brain, responsible for coordination and balance.

Chamber of heart responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the body.

Bone of the upper arm or forelimb, forms joints with the shoulder and elbow.

Large organ that processes nutrients, detoxifies, and produces bile.

Largest vein in the body, carries deoxygenated blood to the heart.

Cell fragments that are essential for blood clotting.

Opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.

Bean-shaped organ that filters waste products from the blood and excretes them in urine.

The longest muscle in the body, it flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh.

Cells of the immune system, involved in defending the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.

Master gland of the endocrine system, secretes hormones that regulate growth and other glands.

Part of the brain responsible for hormone production and regulating body temperature, hunger, moods, and the circadian rhythm.

Part of the lymphatic system, located in the throat; they help fight off infection by trapping pathogens.

Located in the brainstem, responsible for autonomic control of heart rate and breathing.

Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation.

Calf muscle that flexes the knee and foot, important for walking, running, and jumping.

Voice box, responsible for sound production and protecting the trachea against food aspiration.

A hard surface in the mouth of certain animals, like cows, that aids in grinding plant-based food.

Hard surface in the mouth of ruminants that along with the lower incisors aids in the grinding of plant material.

Muscular tissue of the heart, responsible for the pumping action of the heart.

Located in the brain, responsible for complex behaviors, learning, and memory.

Digestive organ where most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs.

Produces digestive enzymes and hormones such as insulin and glucagon.

Glands located above the kidneys that produce hormones like adrenaline and cortisol.

Main artery carrying blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the rest of the body.

Outer layer of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.

Muscular tube connecting the throat to the stomach, conducts food and liquids.

Small, tube-like sac attached to the lower end of the large intestine; may play a role in the immune system.

The largest stomach compartment in ruminants, involved in microbial fermentation.

Shoulder blade, provides attachment for several shoulder muscles.

Female reproductive organs that produce eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

Absorbs water and forms feces, includes the colon and rectum.

Cell that transmits nerve impulses; fundamental unit of the nervous system.

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.