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Nutritional Requirements for Dairy Cattle
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Fresh Cows
Post-calving nutritional support for recovery and milk production; avoid metabolic disorders.
Holstein Cattle
Highest milk volume producers; require large quantities of high-quality, balanced rations.
High-producing Cows
Increased needs for energy, protein, and specific nutrients to support exceptional milk yields.
Weaned Calves
Solid feeds with appropriate levels of protein, energy, and fiber to continue growth.
Organic Dairy Cattle
Diet based on organic feeds meeting certification requirements; focus on natural health.
Dairy Cattle in Grazing Systems
Nutrition tailored to maximize use of pasture while supplementing to meet production needs.
Heifers (12-24 months)
Prepare for first calving with suitable energy and protein levels; balanced minerals.
Late Lactation
Decreased nutrient requirements as milk production declines; prepare for the dry period.
Low-producing Cows
Balanced nutrition to maintain health and condition while recognizing lower production.
Transition Cows
Focus on dry matter intake, balanced energy, and preventing milk fever pre-calving.
Cows in Cold Stress
Higher energy requirements to maintain body temperature and health.
Early Lactation
High energy and protein needs; prevent weight loss and support maximum milk yield.
Calves (0-3 months)
Highly digestible milk or milk replacer and starter feed for rumen development.
Sick or Recovering Cows
Nutrient-dense feeds with easy digestibility; hydration is key.
Senior Cows
Monitor body condition and adjust diet to avoid weight loss and maintain milk production.
Breeding Age Heifers
Appropriate nutrient levels to achieve proper body weight and condition for conception.
Ayrshire Cattle
Provide appropriate energy and protein for this moderately high producer to maintain milk components.
Dry Cows
Focus on a balanced diet to maintain health and prepare for the next lactation period.
Jersey Cattle
Consider higher fat content in milk when balancing rations; smaller breed with less feed intake.
Heifers (3-6 months)
Balanced diet to support growth without becoming overweight.
Pregnant Cows
Increased nutrients in the third trimester as fetal growth accelerates; maintain cow condition.
Lactating Cows
Increased energy, protein, calcium, and water are crucial for milk production.
Milking Shorthorn Cattle
Balance rations to support milk production and maintain efficiency.
Bulls
Sufficient energy, protein and vitamins for growth, maintenance, and reproductive health.
Cows Under Heat Stress
Increased water intake and electrolyte balance; diet adjustments to maintain production.
Show Cattle
High-quality, palatable diet for optimal condition and appearance.
Heifers (6-12 months)
Continued growth requires balanced nutrition, supplementing forage with grains.
Dairy Cattle with High Genetic Merit
Highly tailored diets for maximum performance in milk production and reproductive efficiency.
Peak Lactation
Maximize dry matter intake to support highest milk production; balanced energy and protein.
Crossbreed Dairy Cattle
Tailor diet to leverage the benefits of crossbreeding while meeting nutritional demands.
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