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Equine Parasites and Control Strategies
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Trypanosoma equiperdum
Results in dourine, a venereal disease; Controlled by breeding hygiene and testing, as well as culling infected animals.
Draschia megastoma
Can cause gastric tumors and fibrosis; Preventative measures include regular deworming and fly control.
Pentastomida
Cause respiratory signs, nasal discharge, and can lead to obstruction; Control is difficult but may include managing exposure to intermediate hosts.
Theileria equi
Also causes equine piroplasmosis; Implement tick control and restrict movement of infected equines.
Cyathostomins
Larval cyathostominosis can cause diarrhea and weight loss; Control with targeted deworming and managing pasture contamination.
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi
Leads to coughing and respiratory distress; Prevented by good stable management and deworming programs.
Babesia caballi
Leads to equine piroplasmosis, fever, and anemia; Control involves tick management and quarantine of affected animals.
Eimeria leuckarti
Typically non-pathogenic, but may cause mild colitis; Good sanitation and manure management are usually sufficient.
Trichostrongylus axei
Primarily affects the stomach, can cause gastritis and anemia; Manage with proper deworming schedules and pasture rotation.
Setaria equina
Often asymptomatic, can cause eye problems or nervous disorders; Control mosquitoes and monitor for incidental findings on ultrasound.
Onchocerca cervicalis
May lead to dermatitis, eye lesions, and poor coat; Control with appropriate deworming agents and midge control.
Oxyuris equi
Causes tail itching and skin irritation; Managed by good stable hygiene and appropriate deworming.
Habronema muscae
Creates summer sores and may cause gastritis; Control with insect management and anthelmintics.
Hyostrongylus rubidus
Rare in horses, can cause gastritis if transmitted from pigs; Control is not generally required in horses, more relevant in pig husbandry.
Gasterophilus spp.
Causes irritation and ulcers in the digestive tract; Practice fly control and give horses a dewormer with activity against bot larvae.
Dermatobia hominis
Causes cutaneous myiasis, typically in tropical regions; Use wound protection, fly repellents, and remove larvae mechanically if necessary.
Rhabditis strongyloides
Horses may exhibit signs of gastritis or colitis; Maintain feeding hygiene and manage bedding materials to prevent infection.
Thelazia lacrymalis
Causes ocular infections and conjunctivitis; Control includes fly management and manual removal of the worms.
Elaphostrongylus cervi
Causes neurologic disease in cervids; Uncommon in horses, but management includes avoiding shared grazing with deer.
Neurocysticercosis
Rare neurological condition caused by Taenia solium; No specific equine control, focus on human sanitation to reduce transmission.
Parascaris equorum
Can lead to respiratory and intestinal issues in foals; Control through regular deworming and environmental sanitation.
Strongyloides westeri
Foals may suffer from diarrhea and dermatitis; Control using strategic deworming and maintaining dry bedding.
Strongylus vulgaris
Causes colic and thromboembolic disease; Control using anthelmintics and management of feces.
Sarcocystis neurona
Causes Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM); Implement opossum control and keep feed and water sources clean.
Anoplocephala perfoliata
Linked to colic and intestinal blockages; Use praziquantel-containing dewormers and manage oribatid mite populations in pastures.
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