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Equine Parasites and Control Strategies

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Trypanosoma equiperdum

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Results in dourine, a venereal disease; Controlled by breeding hygiene and testing, as well as culling infected animals.

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Draschia megastoma

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Can cause gastric tumors and fibrosis; Preventative measures include regular deworming and fly control.

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Pentastomida

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Cause respiratory signs, nasal discharge, and can lead to obstruction; Control is difficult but may include managing exposure to intermediate hosts.

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Theileria equi

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Also causes equine piroplasmosis; Implement tick control and restrict movement of infected equines.

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Cyathostomins

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Larval cyathostominosis can cause diarrhea and weight loss; Control with targeted deworming and managing pasture contamination.

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Dictyocaulus arnfieldi

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Leads to coughing and respiratory distress; Prevented by good stable management and deworming programs.

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Babesia caballi

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Leads to equine piroplasmosis, fever, and anemia; Control involves tick management and quarantine of affected animals.

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Eimeria leuckarti

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Typically non-pathogenic, but may cause mild colitis; Good sanitation and manure management are usually sufficient.

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Trichostrongylus axei

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Primarily affects the stomach, can cause gastritis and anemia; Manage with proper deworming schedules and pasture rotation.

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Setaria equina

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Often asymptomatic, can cause eye problems or nervous disorders; Control mosquitoes and monitor for incidental findings on ultrasound.

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Onchocerca cervicalis

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May lead to dermatitis, eye lesions, and poor coat; Control with appropriate deworming agents and midge control.

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Oxyuris equi

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Causes tail itching and skin irritation; Managed by good stable hygiene and appropriate deworming.

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Habronema muscae

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Creates summer sores and may cause gastritis; Control with insect management and anthelmintics.

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Hyostrongylus rubidus

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Rare in horses, can cause gastritis if transmitted from pigs; Control is not generally required in horses, more relevant in pig husbandry.

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Gasterophilus spp.

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Causes irritation and ulcers in the digestive tract; Practice fly control and give horses a dewormer with activity against bot larvae.

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Dermatobia hominis

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Causes cutaneous myiasis, typically in tropical regions; Use wound protection, fly repellents, and remove larvae mechanically if necessary.

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Rhabditis strongyloides

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Horses may exhibit signs of gastritis or colitis; Maintain feeding hygiene and manage bedding materials to prevent infection.

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Thelazia lacrymalis

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Causes ocular infections and conjunctivitis; Control includes fly management and manual removal of the worms.

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Elaphostrongylus cervi

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Causes neurologic disease in cervids; Uncommon in horses, but management includes avoiding shared grazing with deer.

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Neurocysticercosis

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Rare neurological condition caused by Taenia solium; No specific equine control, focus on human sanitation to reduce transmission.

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Parascaris equorum

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Can lead to respiratory and intestinal issues in foals; Control through regular deworming and environmental sanitation.

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Strongyloides westeri

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Foals may suffer from diarrhea and dermatitis; Control using strategic deworming and maintaining dry bedding.

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Strongylus vulgaris

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Causes colic and thromboembolic disease; Control using anthelmintics and management of feces.

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Sarcocystis neurona

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Causes Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM); Implement opossum control and keep feed and water sources clean.

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Anoplocephala perfoliata

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Linked to colic and intestinal blockages; Use praziquantel-containing dewormers and manage oribatid mite populations in pastures.

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