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Dental Anatomy 101
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Incisor
A front tooth primarily used for cutting and shearing food.
Fissure
A deep groove in the biting surface of a tooth.
Mesial Surface
The side of the tooth that is closest to the midline of the face.
Canine
A pointed tooth used for tearing and grasping food.
Cementum
A bony tissue covering the root of the tooth that helps anchor it in place.
Periodontal Ligament
A fibrous connective tissue that anchors the tooth to the bony socket.
Occlusion
The contact relationships between the upper and lower teeth when they approach each other.
Enamel
The hard, outer surface layer of the tooth that protects against decay.
Root
The part of the tooth that extends into the bone and provides support.
Triangular Ridge
A linear elevation on the masticatory surface of a tooth descending from the cusp and converging to form transverse ridges.
Oblique Ridge
An elevated area that runs obliquely across the occlusal surface of some maxillary molars.
Lateral Incisor
The tooth located adjacent to the central incisor, slightly smaller.
Molar
A tooth with a large flat surface primarily used for grinding food.
Lingual Surface
The surface of a tooth that faces toward the tongue.
Pulp
The soft inner structure containing nerves and blood vessels.
Facial Surface
The surface of a tooth that faces toward the cheeks or lips.
Premolar
A transitional tooth with one or two cusps used for tearing and crushing food.
Maxillary Arch
The upper part of the jaw containing teeth.
Interproximal Space
The area between adjacent teeth.
Dentin
The layer beneath the enamel that provides support and transmits sensory signals.
Apex
The terminal end of the root of a tooth.
Crown
The visible part of the tooth above the gum line.
Gingiva
The soft tissue that surrounds and protects the teeth and underlying bone.
Cusp
A raised point on the chewing surface of the teeth.
Apical Foramen
The natural opening at the apex of a tooth's root.
Mandibular Arch
The lower part of the jaw containing teeth.
Alveolar Bone
The part of the jawbone that contains the tooth sockets.
Central Incisor
The tooth located at the very front and center of the mouth.
Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ)
The area where the enamel covering the crown of the tooth meets the cementum covering the root.
Tubercle
A small round nodule or elevation found on the occlusal surfaces of the teeth.
Distal Surface
The side of the tooth that is furthest from the midline of the face.
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