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Orthodontics Overview
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Brackets
Small attachments bonded to teeth to hold archwires in place.
Archwires
The main wires inserted into brackets, applying force to move teeth.
Bands
Metal rings cemented to molars with brackets to anchor archwires.
Elastics
Rubber bands used to align the jaw and improve bite.
Lingual Appliances
Custom-made braces placed behind the teeth, hidden from view.
Clear Aligners
Transparent, plastic forms that fit over the teeth to guide their movement.
Retainers
Appliances worn after braces to maintain teeth position.
Separators or Spacers
Small elastic rings that create space between molars before bands are fitted.
Palatal Expander
Device used to widen the upper jaw so that the upper and lower teeth will fit together better.
Herbst Appliance
Fixed appliance used primarily for correcting overbite by encouraging the lower jaw forward.
Forsus Appliance
A spring-loaded appliance used to adjust the position of the molars and correct the bite.
Headgear
An extraoral appliance that helps correct severe bite discrepancies by influencing jaw growth and tooth movement.
Bite Plate
An appliance that prevents biting down completely, often used to correct deep bite problems.
Bonding
The process of attaching brackets to teeth using a special safe adhesive.
Cephalometric X-rays
Diagnostic radiographs that show the head from the side to evaluate teeth in relation to the jaw and profile.
Interceptive Orthodontics
Early treatment to correct bite and jaw issues, typically between ages 7-10.
Orthognathic Surgery
Surgical realignment of jaw bones to correct severe dental and skeletal anomalies.
Impressions
A negative replica or mold of the teeth and oral tissues.
Ligatures
Tiny elastic bands or fine wires that hold the archwire to the brackets.
Hawley Retainer
A removable retainer made of acrylic and metal wires, fitting the roof of the mouth and hooks around teeth.
Fixed Retainer
A permanent retainer bonded behind the front teeth to prevent movement post-braces.
Interproximal Reduction (IPR)
The process of creating small amounts of space between teeth by carefully shaving enamel, aiding in alignment.
Debonding
The process of removing orthodontic brackets and cleaning residual adhesive from the teeth.
Twin Block Appliance
A type of functional appliance using two removable blocks that work together to move the lower jaw forward.
Self-ligating Brackets
Brackets that do not require ligatures as they have a built-in mechanism to hold the archwire.
Power Chain
A continuous elastic ligature chain used to close spaces between teeth.
Bite Ramp
Elevations placed on the chewing surfaces of teeth or on an orthodontic appliance to prevent certain teeth from contacting for correct jaw positioning.
Buccal Tube
A small metal part that is welded on the outside of a molar band, which the archwire passes through.
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