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Nutrition and Oral Health
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Vitamin C
Vitamin C is needed for collagen synthesis; deficiency can cause scurvy, leading to gingival bleeding and tooth loss.
Zinc
Zinc plays a role in wound healing and immune response; deficiency can lead to taste disturbances, delayed healing, and increased susceptibility to periodontal disease.
Magnesium
Magnesium is necessary for bone and enamel health; deficiency can increase susceptibility to periodontal disease and may play a role in TMJ disorders.
Fluoride
Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and reduces the risk of decay; excessive intake can cause dental fluorosis, particularly during tooth development.
Probiotics
Probiotics may help balance oral microflora and reduce the incidence of gingivitis and periodontitis; also potentially beneficial against halitosis and dental caries.
Artificial Sweeteners
Non-cariogenic artificial sweeteners do not contribute to tooth decay like sugar does; may be found in sugar-free gum and candies that don't promote caries.
Carotenoids
Carotenoids have antioxidant properties that may protect oral tissues and help reduce the risk of oral cancer; found in many fruits and vegetables.
Alcohol
Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to a dry mouth, increasing the risk of caries and periodontal disease; it is also a risk factor for oral cancer.
Phosphorus
Phosphorus works with calcium to build strong teeth and bones; insufficient amounts can lead to weak enamel and increased susceptibility to cavities.
Protein
Adequate protein intake is necessary for the immune system and tissue repair; deficiency can impair healing and the ability to combat oral infections.
Water
Water is vital for maintaining oral hydration and saliva flow; it helps rinse away food particles and reduces the acidity that contributes to dental caries.
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Deficiency in niacin can cause pellagra, which includes oral symptoms like gingivitis, stomatitis, and a bright red tongue.
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Pyridoxine is necessary for nerve function and immune response; insufficient levels can lead to various oral problems like inflammatory gingival diseases.
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Riboflavin plays a role in mucosal health; deficiency can cause angular cheilitis, glossitis, and seborrheic dermatitis.
Calcium
Calcium is vital for the development and maintenance of teeth and supporting jawbone; inadequate intake can increase the risk of periodontal disease and dental caries.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Omega-3s have anti-inflammatory effects that may benefit those with periodontal diseases; can improve gingival and periodontal health when balanced with omega-6 fatty acids.
Sodium
Excessive sodium intake may contribute to hypertension, which is a risk factor for periodontal disease; moderation is key for overall and oral health.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D aids in calcium absorption and bone metabolism; deficiency can lead to an increased risk for periodontal disease, and may contribute to enamel hypoplasia.
Fiber
High-fiber foods promote salivation and help keep teeth clean by scrubbing the surfaces; may reduce the risk of gingivitis, caries, and oral cancer.
Polyunsaturated Fats
Polyunsaturated fats (like those in vegetable oils and fish) may exert anti-inflammatory effects which are beneficial for periodontal health.
Simple Carbohydrates
Frequent consumption of simple carbohydrates like sugars can increase plaque buildup and tooth decay risk; contributes to the formation of cariogenic oral environment.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to glossitis, mucosal ulceration, and burning mouth syndrome; vital for red blood cell production which affects oral health.
Vitamin E
Vitamin E has antioxidant properties and may help in the management of periodontal inflammation; can also promote gingival healing.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is essential for maintenance of mucosa and keratinized gingival tissues. Deficiency can lead to altered taste sensation and delayed wound healing.
Iron
Iron deficiency can lead to anemia and may cause pale oral tissues and atrophic glossitis; it is essential for the maintenance of healthy oral mucosa.
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