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Dental Occlusion and Malocclusion

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Class II Malocclusion

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Definition: The upper teeth severely overlap the lower teeth, known as an overbite. Possible Treatments: Orthodontic braces, dental appliances, possibly surgery if severe.

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Class III Malocclusion

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Definition: The lower teeth protrude past the upper teeth, known as an underbite. Possible Treatments: Braces, orthognathic surgery, and other orthodontic appliances.

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Crossbite

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Definition: Abnormal lateral occlusion where the upper tooth or teeth bite inside the lower counterparts. Possible Treatments: Palatal expanders, braces, or orthodontic surgery.

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Class I Malocclusion

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Definition: The bite is normal, but the upper teeth slightly overlap the lower teeth with some crowding or spacing. Possible Treatments: Braces, Invisalign, retainers, or tooth extraction in severe cases.

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Infraocclusion

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Definition: When the tooth is positioned below the line of occlusion. Possible Treatments: Orthodontics to bring the tooth into occlusion, possible prosthodontic work to build up the tooth.

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Hypodontia

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Definition: The developmental absence of one or more teeth. Possible Treatments: Dental prosthetics such as bridges or implants, orthodontic treatment to close gaps, or partial dentures.

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Deep Bite

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Definition: When the upper front teeth excessively overlap the lower front teeth vertically, also known as an overbite. Possible Treatments: Braces, dental appliances, and in severe cases, surgery.

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Impacted Tooth

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Definition: A tooth that is blocked from erupting or reaching the proper position. Possible Treatments: Tooth extraction, orthodontic treatment to guide eruption, surgical exposure of the tooth.

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Transposition

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Definition: Two adjacent teeth have exchanged positions in the dental arch. Possible Treatments: Orthodontic treatment to reposition the teeth, possible extraction and implant placement.

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Supraocclusion

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Definition: Excessive vertical overlap of the teeth, can be a form of deep bite. Possible Treatments: Grinding to reduce the height of the offending cusp, orthodontic treatment, or reconstruction of the bite.

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Normal Occlusion

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Definition: The ideal alignment of teeth, where the upper teeth fit slightly over the lower teeth. Possible Treatments: Generally, no treatment is necessary unless there are other dental concerns. Regular dental check-ups are recommended.

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Open Bite

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Definition: There is a space between the biting surfaces of the front or side teeth when the back teeth bite together. Possible Treatments: Braces, tooth extractions, or surgery.

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Crowding

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Definition: Insufficient space for the teeth which causes overlaps and crookedness. Possible Treatments: Braces, Invisalign, tooth extraction, and retainers.

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Ectopic Eruption

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Definition: A condition where a tooth erupts in the wrong location. Possible Treatments: Observation, orthodontic intervention, or extraction of the ectopic tooth.

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Ankylosis

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Definition: A condition where a tooth becomes fused to the bone, preventing its normal movement. Possible Treatments: Orthodontic assessment, potential surgical intervention to remove the ankylosed tooth.

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Spacing

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Definition: Gaps or spaces between teeth due to missing teeth or a discrepancy between jaw size and tooth size. Possible Treatments: Dental braces, dental bonding, veneers, or dental implants.

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Macrodontia

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Definition: Abnormally large teeth. Possible Treatments: Enameloplasty to reduce the size of the teeth, orthodontics to accommodate the larger teeth, possibly prosthodontic treatments.

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Overjet

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Definition: Upper front teeth protrude outward excessively beyond the lower front teeth. Possible Treatments: Orthodontic braces, dental appliances, or surgery in extreme cases.

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Overeruption

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Definition: When a tooth erupts too far out of the gum and jawbone. Possible Treatments: Bite adjustment, orthodontic intrusion, or crown lengthening procedures.

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Rotated Teeth

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Definition: Teeth that have turned to occupy an incorrect position in the mouth. Possible Treatments: Orthodontic braces to rotate the teeth to the correct position, use of elastics or springs.

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