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Properties: Durable, good wear resistance. Uses: Filling cavities. Handling: Requires proper mixing and compaction, avoid inhalation of mercury vapor.

Properties: Moderate strength, biocompatible. Uses: Luting agents, base under restorations. Handling: Mix on a cool glass slab, work quickly before it sets.

Properties: Bonds chemically to dental hard tissues, releases fluoride. Uses: Filling material, luting cement. Handling: Must be mixed accurately, avoid desiccation.

Properties: Oxidizing agents, can cause tooth sensitivity. Uses: Whitening of discolored teeth. Handling: Apply as per manufacturer's instructions, avoid contact with gums, use with proper isolation.

Properties: Sedative effect on pulp, antiseptic. Uses: Temporary fillings, dental impressions. Handling: Mix paste or powder/liquid forms, ensure correct ratio to achieve desired setting time.

Properties: Biocompatible, hard, brittle. Uses: Crowns, veneers, inlays, onlays. Handling: Requires careful handling to prevent fracture, fired in a kiln.

Properties: High corrosion resistance, malleability. Uses: Crowns, bridges, inlays. Handling: Cast in a dental lab, polished to high shine.

Properties: High fracture toughness, biocompatible. Uses: Ceramic crowns, bridges, implant abutments. Handling: Precise milling required, sintering at high temperature.

Properties: High durability, corrosion resistant. Uses: Orthodontic wires, crowns, implant components. Handling: Can be bent and shaped, keep polished to maintain corrosion resistance.

Properties: Improved physical properties over traditional glass ionomer, releases fluoride. Uses: Filling material, especially in non-stress bearing areas. Handling: Light-cure or dual-cure systems available, maintain isolation from moisture.

Properties: Antimicrobial, desensitizing agent. Uses: Treat and prevent dental caries, reduce tooth sensitivity. Handling: Applied topically, be cautious to avoid staining soft tissues.

Properties: Elastic, colorful, comes in various sizes and strengths. Uses: Apply forces to teeth in orthodontics, ligatures, separators. Handling: Stretch before application, change periodically as they lose elasticity.

Properties: Esthetic, high compressive strength. Uses: Inlays, onlays, crowns, veneers. Handling: Requires accurate impression and shade selection, delicate handling before cementation.

Properties: Strong metal substructure, esthetic ceramic layer. Uses: Crowns and fixed bridges. Handling: Requires layering and firing of ceramic onto the metal substructure, technical skill in dental labs needed.

Properties: Accurate detail reproduction, good dimensional stability. Uses: Making accurate dental impressions for crowns, bridges, and prosthodontics. Handling: Mix base and catalyst, avoid trapping air bubbles, disinfect after use.

Properties: Biocompatible, pliable at higher temperatures. Uses: Filling root canals. Handling: Heated before insertion, compacted to seal the root canal.

Properties: Malleable at room temperature, low melting point. Uses: Modeling in restorative procedures, denture bases. Handling: Avoid overheating, handle gently to prevent distortion.

Properties: Varies; can be elastic or rigid, accurate reproduction of oral structures. Uses: Creating replicas of teeth and soft tissues. Handling: Mix according to manufacturer's instructions, timely pouring of models.

Properties: Hard, resistant to corrosion and wear. Uses: Removable partial denture frameworks, crowns. Handling: Requires precise casting and finishing in dental labs.

Properties: Easy to shape and remove, limited durability. Uses: Temporary fillings and crowns during treatment. Handling: Avoid chewing on the material, maintain oral hygiene to prevent leakage.

Properties: Concentrated topical fluoride, hardens on contact with saliva. Uses: Preventing dental caries, treating tooth sensitivity. Handling: Dry the tooth surface, brush on thinly, instruct patient not to eat or drink for 30 minutes.

Properties: Esthetic, bond to tooth structure. Uses: Tooth-colored fillings, veneers. Handling: Keep dry until cured, light-curing is required.

Properties: High strength, biocompatible, corrosion-resistant. Uses: Dental implants, abutments. Handling: Requires precise machining, clean thoroughly before implantation.

Properties: High strength, resists tarnishing. Uses: Metal frameworks for removable dentures, fixed prosthodontics. Handling: Cast in a dental lab, can cause allergic reactions.

Properties: Encourages dentinal regeneration, antimicrobial. Uses: Pulp capping, liner under restorations. Handling: Apply carefully to avoid excess, protect from oral fluids.

Properties: Easy to manipulate, esthetic. Uses: Denture bases, temporary crowns. Handling: Monomer liquid is mixed with polymer powder, requires proper polymerization.