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Dialysis Types and Principles

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Hemodialysis

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Hemodialysis is a medical procedure that uses a machine to filter waste, excess water, and electrolytes from the blood. It does this by diverting blood to the machine where it passes through a filter, called a dialyzer, before being returned to the body.

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Intermittent Hemodialysis

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Intermittent Hemodialysis is similar to standard hemodialysis but is administered less frequently, typically overnight while the patient sleeps. It is generally performed 3 times a week and can last between 6-8 hours per session.

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Peritoneal Dialysis

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Peritoneal Dialysis involves the use of the patient's peritoneum in the abdomen as a membrane across which fluids and dissolved substances are exchanged from the blood. A dialysis solution is infused into the peritoneal cavity and waste products pass into it from the blood, which is then drained.

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Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)

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CRRT is used typically in the intensive care unit for patients with acute kidney injury. It is a slow and continuous form of dialysis that mimics the kidneys' natural functions more closely.

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Hemofiltration

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Hemofiltration is similar to hemodialysis but it principally relies on convection rather than diffusion to remove waste products from the blood. Blood passes through a series of filters that separate out toxins which are then discarded while the cleaned blood is returned to the patient.

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