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Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Explained
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Importance of GFR in Kidney Function
GFR is a critical indicator of renal function; it helps in diagnosing and determining the stage of kidney disease, and in monitoring the disease progression.
Definition of GFR
GFR is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal glomerular capillaries into Bowman's capsule per unit time. It is an important measure of kidney function.
CKD-EPI Equation
The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula provides a more accurate GFR estimation, especially when the values are near normal.
Normal GFR Range
The normal range of GFR varies according to age, sex, and body size, but it is typically around 90-120 mL/min/1.73m^2 in young, healthy individuals.
Factors Affecting GFR
GFR can be influenced by various factors, including hydration status, age, sex, medication use, and other health conditions.
Estimation using Creatinine Clearance
Creatinine clearance approximates GFR by measuring the concentration of creatinine in urine and blood. Creatinine is a waste product that is constantly produced by muscles.
Creatinine-Based Estimation Formulas
Formulas like the Cockcroft-Gault equation and the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation use serum creatinine, age, sex, and weight to estimate GFR.
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