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Common causative organisms: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis. Signs and symptoms: urethral discharge, dysuria, itching. Treatment approaches: Antibiotics specific to the causative agent (e.g., azithromycin for Chlamydia, ceftriaxone for Gonorrhea).

Common causative organisms: E. coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Signs and symptoms: dysuria, frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain. Treatment approaches: Oral antibiotics (e.g., nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), increased fluid intake, and urinary analgesics.

Common causative organisms: Same as cystitis and pyelonephritis. Signs and symptoms: Multiple episodes of UTI symptoms, may have underlying structural abnormalities. Treatment approaches: Prophylactic antibiotics, bladder instillations, patient education on urinary hygiene.

Common causative organisms: Not typically associated with a specific organism. Signs and symptoms: Chronic pelvic pain, urinary urgency and frequency, pain with bladder filling. Treatment approaches: Lifestyle modifications, oral medications (e.g., pentosan polysulfate), bladder instillations, physical therapy.

Common causative organisms: Any uropathogen, commonly E. coli. Signs and symptoms: Systemic infection, high fever, hypotension, confusion. Treatment approaches: Emergency treatment with broad-spectrum IV antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, vasopressors if necessary.

Common causative organisms: E. coli, Klebsiella. Signs and symptoms: Air within the urinary tract on imaging, severe abdominal pain, high fever. Treatment approaches: Urgent hospitalization, IV antibiotics, and surgical intervention may be necessary.

Common causative organisms: E. coli, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus. Signs and symptoms: may be asymptomatic, fever, altered mental status in elderly. Treatment approaches: Removal or change of catheter, antibiotic therapy guided by culture results.

Common causative organisms: E. coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Signs and symptoms: Presence of bacteria in urine without symptoms. Treatment approaches: Treatment not usually recommended unless patient is pregnant or undergoing urologic procedures.

Common causative organisms: E. coli, Proteus, Klebsiella. Signs and symptoms: flank pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, costovertebral angle tenderness. Treatment approaches: Oral or IV antibiotics (e.g., ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone), hospitalization if severe.