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A fever in a pediatric patient can indicate a UTI, especially if it is high or persistent. Urinalysis and cultures are standard diagnostic tools for fever of unknown origin in pediatrics.

Dysuria, or painful urination, can be a sign of UTI, and should be investigated with a urinalysis and possibly a urine culture to confirm diagnosis.

Urinary urgency without other clear cause should prompt testing for UTI, which usually includes a urinalysis and urine culture.

Increased frequency of urination can indicate a UTI in a child. Diagnostic workup often starts with urinalysis and can be followed by a culture.

Hematuria, or blood in the urine, can suggest UTI among other diagnoses and warrants a urinalysis and urine culture to establish the cause.

Abdominal pain in children can be a symptom of UTI, especially when lower and associated with other urinary symptoms. Ultrasound may be considered after initial urinalysis and culture.

While not specific, vomiting can accompany a UTI, particularly in infants and younger children. It can necessitate urinalysis, culture, and potentially imaging if systemic infection is suspected.

In infants, failure to thrive may be associated with chronic, unrecognized UTI. Workup includes urinalysis, urine culture, and potentially renal ultrasound or voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG).

Back pain, especially in the flank area, might be a sign of a kidney infection as part of a UTI. Diagnosis involves urinalysis, culture, and possibly imaging like ultrasound or CT scan.