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A network of capillaries located at the beginning of a nephron in the kidney which filters blood to form urine.

The functional unit of the kidney, responsible for removing waste from the blood and producing urine.

A hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance through the production of renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone.

A sudden episode of kidney failure or kidney damage that happens within a few hours or days.

A long-term condition characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function over time.

A calculation based on a serum creatinine blood test that estimates the rate at which the kidneys filter blood.

A medical procedure that removes waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys can no longer do so.

The presence of excess proteins in the urine, which can be a sign of kidney damage.

The presence of blood in the urine, which can indicate urinary tract or kidney damage.

Increased filtration rate of the glomeruli, which can lead to kidney damage over time.

The medical term for kidney stones, which are solid masses made of crystals that form in the kidneys.

A kidney disorder causing the body to excrete too much protein in the urine.

A medical condition characterized by abnormally high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood.

A genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys.

A condition associated with the accumulation of waste products in the blood due to renal failure.

An inflammation of the kidney's tubules and surrounding structures, which can lead to acute or chronic kidney failure.

A range of kidney diseases that involve inflammation of the glomeruli.

A medical disorder in which the kidneys fail to excrete acids into the urine, leading to a blood acidosis condition.

A treatment for kidney failure that uses a machine to filter blood outside the body.