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Function: Emotion processing, fear response, and memory. Location: Within the temporal lobes, part of the limbic system.

Function: Involved in processing auditory information and is also important for the processing of semantics in both speech and vision. Location: Beneath the frontal and parietal lobes, on the sides of the brain.

Function: Processes sensory information it receives from the outside world, mainly relating to spatial sense and navigation. Location: Positioned above the occipital lobe and behind the frontal lobe.

Function: Involved in cognitive functions such as decision making, problem-solving, and planning. Controls voluntary movement. Location: The front part of the cerebral cortex.

Function: Coordination of voluntary movements, posture, balance, and speech. Location: Below the occipital lobes, at the back of the brain.

Function: Regulates vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. Location: The lower half of the brainstem.

Function: Produces hormones that control other glands and many body functions including growth. Location: A pea-sized structure attached to the base of the brain, below the hypothalamus.

Function: Relay motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex. Location: At the center of the brain, just above the brain stem.

Function: Regulation of body temperature, appetite, and emotions. Control of the pituitary gland. Location: Below the thalamus, part of the diencephalon.

Function: Critical for memory formation, organizing, and storing memories. Location: Within the temporal lobes, part of the limbic system.

Function: Responsible for visual processing. Location: At the back of the brain, behind the parietal lobe and temporal lobe.

Function: Connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres and facilitates interhemispheric communication. Location: Lies beneath the cortex.

Function: Controls the flow of messages between the brain and the rest of the body, and it also controls basic body functions like breathing, swallowing, heart rate, blood pressure, and consciousness. Location: It sits beneath the cerebrum and in front of the cerebellum.

Function: Responsible for speech production and language processing. Location: In the frontal lobe, usually in the left hemisphere.