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Age of Exploration Discoverers
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Henry Hudson
Explored parts of the Arctic Ocean and northeastern North America, Hudson River, Hudson Strait, and Hudson Bay are named for him.
Vasco Núñez de Balboa
First European to see and stand in the waters of the Pacific Ocean from the New World.
Francisco Pizarro
Conquered the Incan Empire in what is now Peru.
Vasco da Gama
First to reach India by sea, linking Europe and Asia for the first time by ocean route.
Hernán Cortés
Conquered the Aztec Empire in present-day Mexico.
James Cook
Made first contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands, and the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand.
John Cabot
Claimed Canada for England, landing on Newfoundland or Cape Breton Island.
Jacques Cartier
Claimed what is now Canada for France; first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River.
Bartolomeu Dias
First European to sail around the southernmost tip of Africa, opening the sea route to Asia via the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
Ferdinand Magellan
His expedition was the first to circumnavigate the Earth.
Amerigo Vespucci
First to demonstrate that Brazil and the West Indies did not represent Asia's eastern outskirts.
Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
His account of the failed Narváez expedition provided insights into Native American life in the U.S. Southeast.
Sir Francis Drake
First Englishman to circumnavigate the globe and helped defeat the Spanish Armada of 1588.
Juan Ponce de León
Explored Florida, searching for the Fountain of Youth.
Christopher Columbus
Discovered the Americas in 1492, setting off European colonization.
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