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Influential Social Philosophers
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Flashcards
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Karl Marx
Conflict theory, Materialist conception of history, 'Das Kapital' & 'The Communist Manifesto'
John Stuart Mill
Utilitarianism, 'On Liberty', 'Utilitarianism', 'The Subjection of Women'
John Rawls
Theory of justice, 'A Theory of Justice', 'Political Liberalism', 'The Law of Peoples'
Judith Butler
Theory of gender performativity, 'Gender Trouble', 'Bodies That Matter'
Thomas Hobbes
Social contract theory, 'Leviathan', View on the natural state of mankind
Hannah Arendt
Analysis of totalitarianism, 'The Human Condition', 'Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil'
Émile Durkheim
Founder of sociology, 'The Division of Labour in Society', 'Suicide', 'The Elementary Forms of Religious Life'
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Concept of the 'Noble Savage', 'The Social Contract', 'Emile, or On Education'
Plato
Theory of Forms, 'The Republic', The Academy (first institution of higher learning in the Western world)
Max Weber
Theory of social and economic organization, 'The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism', 'Economy and Society'
Jurgen Habermas
Theory of communicative action, 'The Theory of Communicative Action', 'Between Facts and Norms'
Socrates
Socratic method, Ethical philosophy, Indirectly known through the writings of his students, including Plato
Adam Smith
Classical economics, 'The Wealth of Nations', 'The Theory of Moral Sentiments'
Michel Foucault
Analysis of power and discourse, 'Madness and Civilization', 'Discipline and Punish', 'The History of Sexuality'
Friedrich Nietzsche
Philosophy of the 'Übermensch', Will to power, 'Thus Spoke Zarathustra', 'Beyond Good and Evil'
Simone de Beauvoir
Feminist existentialism, 'The Second Sex', 'She Came to Stay'
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