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Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This is seen when a rower pulls the oars through water, and the water provides an opposite force that propels the boat forward.

Elasticity describes the property of an object to return to its original shape after deformation. The use of a pole in pole vaulting demonstrates this principle as the pole bends and then returns to its shape, propelling the athlete upwards.

A lever system consists of a rigid bar that pivots around a point known as the fulcrum. In sports, the human body uses lever systems to produce movement, such as the bicep curl where the elbow acts as the fulcrum.

Work is defined as force applied over a distance. In cycling, a rider does work against air resistance and friction when pedaling to move forward.

Newton's First Law states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. In bowling, the ball continues in a straight path unless friction or collision with the pins alters its motion.

Equilibrium refers to a state where there are no unbalanced forces or torques on an object. A classical example is when a diver achieves a steady and controlled body position before diving.

Force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object. In soccer, kicking a ball involves applying a force to accelerate it towards the goal.

Torque is a measure of the force that can cause an object to rotate about an axis. In golf, the torque applied to the club head influences the speed and direction of the ball.

Angular momentum is the quantity of rotation of a body, which is conserved in the absence of external torques. Figure skaters use this principle by pulling in their arms to spin faster on the ice.

Power is the rate at which work is performed or energy is transferred. In sprinting, a high power output is required for the athlete to quickly reach high speeds.

Mechanical advantage is the factor by which a mechanism multiplies the force put into it. The use of a longer bat in baseball allows for greater mechanical advantage, enabling the hitter to generate more force on the ball.

The center of mass is the point in a body or system around which its mass is evenly distributed. In gymnastics, an athlete's center of mass is crucial in maintaining balance during a routine.

Moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to changes to its rotation. Divers attempt to minimize their moment of inertia when performing somersaults to rotate faster.

Energy transfer in biomechanics refers to the conversion of energy from one form to another. A tennis player transfers kinetic energy from their arm to the racquet and then to the ball during a serve.