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Major Joints and Movements
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Flashcards
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Glenohumeral joint
Ball-and-socket joint allowing a wide range of movements including flexion, extension; Example exercise: Shoulder press
Elbow joint
Hinge joint allowing flexion and extension; Example exercise: Bicep curl
Radiocarpal joint
Condyloid joint allowing flexion, extension, abduction, adduction; Example exercise: Wrist curls
Hip joint
Ball-and-socket joint allowing flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation; Example exercise: Squats
Knee joint
Hinge joint allowing flexion and extension; Example exercise: Leg extension
Ankle joint
Hinge joint allowing plantarflexion and dorsiflexion; Example exercise: Calf raises
Sternoclavicular joint
Saddle joint allowing protraction, retraction, elevation, and depression; Example exercise: Shoulder shrugs
Acromioclavicular joint
Plane (gliding) joint allowing sliding and rotational movements; Example exercise: Reverse fly
Metacarpophalangeal joints
Condyloid joints allowing flexion, extension, abduction, adduction; Example exercise: Finger resistance bands
Interphalangeal joints
Hinge joints allowing flexion and extension; Example exercise: Finger flexion and extension
Temporomandibular joint
Modified hinge joint allowing elevation, depression, protrusion, retrusion, and lateral movements; Example exercise: Jaw clenching
Cervical spine
Allows flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation; Example exercise: Neck rotations
Thoracic spine
Allows rotation, some lateral flexion; Example exercise: Seated twist stretch
Lumbar spine
Allows flexion, extension, and a small amount of rotation; Example exercise: Back extension
Sacral spine
Fused vertebrae allowing very limited movement; Example exercise: Pelvic tilts
Metatarsophalangeal joints
Condyloid joints allowing flexion, extension, abduction, adduction; Example exercise: Toe splay
Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Saddle joint allowing flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and opposition; Example exercise: Thumb opposition
Atlantoaxial joint
Pivot joint allowing rotation; Example exercise: Head rotation
Tibiofemoral joint
Hinge joint allowing flexion, extension, and a small degree of medial and lateral rotation; Example exercise: Lunges
Subtalar joint
Gliding joint allowing inversion and eversion; Example exercise: Heel walks
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