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Refers to the duration of each exercise session; needs to be sufficient to create a training effect. Varies depending on the intensity and the individual's fitness level.

Represents how often a person will exercise; an essential component in stimulating the desired physiological adaptations from training.

Refers to Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type; an acronym used to guide the development of individualized exercise programs. Tailoring these components helps ensure the program meets specific fitness goals.

Determines how hard an individual will exercise; measured by heart rate, perceived exertion, or maximum lifts. Crucial for achieving the appropriate stimulus for improvement and for preventing overtraining.

Incorporating different exercises, routines, and training methods to keep workouts interesting and to fully develop all fitness components. Helps prevent boredom and overuse injuries.

Stating that training should be relevant and appropriate to the sport or fitness goals that the individual is aiming for. Ensures that the right muscles and energy systems are targeted for improvement.

The principle that fitness gains are lost when training stops or is significantly reduced. Highlights the importance of maintaining a regular training routine.

Working the body harder than it is normally worked; a principle for improving fitness and performance. Essential for stimulating muscle adaptation and growth.

Describes the form of exercise to be performed (e.g., running, swimming, cycling); selection should be aligned with the individual's goals, preferences, and any physical limitations.

The necessary period of time allotted for physical recovery between exercise sessions. Crucial for tissue repair, psychological well-being, and performance improvements.

The gradual increase in exercise overload necessary to achieve higher levels of fitness. Important for continuous improvement and minimizing the risk of injury

The total amount of work performed during a workout session, often represented by the formula

Low-intensity exercise that precedes a workout to prepare the body for more intense physical activity. Reduces the risk of injury and improves performance.

Tailoring the exercise program to the unique needs, abilities, and goals of the individual. Acknowledges that different people will respond differently to the same training stimulus.