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Psychological Theories of Addiction
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Disease Model of Addiction
This theory posits that addiction is a chronic, progressive disease of the brain characterized by compulsive substance use despite harmful consequences. It suggests that individuals have a predisposition that makes them more susceptible to addiction.
Cognitive-Behavioral Model
Emphasizes the role of learning processes and cognitive factors in the development and maintenance of addiction. It suggests that substance use is a learned behavior reinforced by its consequences, and that cognitive distortions can sustain substance use behaviors.
Psychoanalytic Theory
Proposed by Freud, it suggests that addiction is a manifestation of deeper, unconscious conflicts and desires. Substance abuse is seen as a self-medicating behavior for dealing with these internal struggles.
Self-Medication Hypothesis
Suggests that individuals use substances as a way to cope with distressing emotions and psychiatric symptoms. It implies that substances are chosen for their specific effects that counteract particular symptoms.
Socio-cultural Model
This model looks at addiction in the context of social, cultural, and environmental factors. It examines how societal norms, peer pressure, and cultural attitudes towards drug use can influence an individual's behavior.
Biopsychosocial Model
An integrative model that combines biological, psychological, and social factors to explain the complexity of addiction. It emphasizes that each of these components interact to play a role in the development, progression, and recovery from addiction.
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