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The Process of Detoxification
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Phase 1: Initial Detoxification
The body processes the toxic substances to less harmful compounds, which may involve the liver's cytochrome P450 enzyme system. This phase is characterized by the transformation of lipid-soluble substances into water-soluble ones to be excreted.
Phase 2: Conjugation
The converted substances from Phase 1 are then conjugated with other chemicals to further reduce toxicity. This often involves the addition of glucuronic acid, sulfate, or methyl groups to increase solubility in water for renal or biliary excretion.
Phase 3: Excretion
The final phase where the conjugated toxins are excreted from the body via urine, feces, sweat, or breath. The kidneys and liver play a significant role in this process.
Acute Withdrawal Syndrome
Occurs as the body physically reacts to the absence of the substance. Symptoms can include anxiety, shaking, sweating, nausea, and headaches. This is often the first hurdle in detoxification.
Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS)
A longer-lasting set of withdrawal symptoms that can persist for weeks to months after the acute withdrawal phase. Symptoms may include mood swings, sleep disturbances, and diminished cognitive function.
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