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Alternative Splicing Events
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Mutually Exclusive Exons
Two or more exons are spliced in a mutually exclusive manner – only one is included in the mRNA at a time, increasing protein diversity without increasing the genome size.
Alternative Donor Site
Use of a different 5' splice site changes the boundary of the upstream exon. This can alter the coding sequence and potentially the function of the protein.
Exon Skipping
Exons are omitted during splicing. This can result in a protein with missing domains, potentially altering its function or localization.
Alternative Promoter Usage
Different promoters lead to the transcription of alternative first exons, which can result in variations in the N-terminal region of the protein.
Alternative Acceptor Site
Selection of an alternative 3' splice site alters the downstream exon's boundary, affecting the amino acid sequence of the protein.
Intron Retention
An intron is retained in the mature mRNA. This usually leads to a premature stop codon and truncated protein, possibly degrading the mRNA via nonsense-mediated decay.
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