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Gene Transcription Factors

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TFIIH

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Involved in promoter clearance and transcription elongation as well as DNA repair

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STAT3

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Transduces signals from cytokines and growth factors and regulates gene expression

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NFAT

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Regulates the expression of genes that code for cytokines, cytokine receptors, and proteins involved in the growth and development of the immune system

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GATA1

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Regulates gene expression in hematopoietic cells and is essential for the development of red blood cells and megakaryocytes

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AP-1

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Regulates a variety of cellular processes including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis

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RORγt

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Critical for the differentiation of T helper 17 cells, a subset of T helper cells involved in autoimmune diseases

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NF-κB

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Acts as a rapid-acting primary transcription factor, regulating the immune response

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Oct-1

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Involved in transcription of various genes, especially those related to the immune and stress responses

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HIF-1α

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Responds to decreases in available oxygen in the cellular environment, or hypoxia, by activating the transcription of genes involved in energy metabolism, angiogenesis, and apoptosis

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TATA-binding protein (TBP)

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Recognizes and binds to the TATA box within the promoter

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P53

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Functions as a tumor suppressor, regulating cell division by keeping cells from growing and dividing too fast or in an uncontrolled way

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E2F

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Plays a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle and action of tumor suppressor proteins, also involved in the regulation of apoptosis

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Sp1

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Recognizes and binds to GC-rich motifs within the promoter regions of its target genes

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T-bet

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Transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in the expression of the Th1 cytokine gene profile and the regulation of IFN-γ production

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CREB

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Binds to certain DNA sequences called cAMP response elements, thereby increasing or decreasing the transcription of the genes

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