Discover published sets by community

The genetic constitution of an organism, determining its specific traits. Example: Bb (B: dominant allele for brown eyes; b: recessive allele for blue eyes).

An allele that expresses its phenotypic effect even when heterozygous with a recessive allele. Example: In pea plants, the allele for tallness (T) is dominant over the allele for shortness (t).

A type of inheritance where a trait is controlled by two or more genes. Example: Human skin color is influenced by multiple genes contributing to the phenotype.

A genotype with two different alleles for a gene. Example: Tt (one dominant allele T and one recessive allele t for tallness in pea plants).

A type of inheritance where the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes. Example: Crossing a red flower (RR) with a white flower (rr) produces pink flowers (Rr).

A diagram used to predict the genotypic and phenotypic outcome of a cross or breeding experiment. Example: A Square illustrating a cross between Tt and Tt parents.

An allele that only expresses its phenotypic effect when homozygous and is masked by a dominant allele when heterozygous. Example: The allele for shortness (t) in pea plants is recessive to the allele for tallness (T).

A genetic cross between individuals with different alleles at two gene loci of interest. Example: Crossing RrYy (round yellow seeds) with rryy (wrinkled green seeds) in pea plants.

States that during gamete formation, the alleles for each gene segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene. Example: In a Tt plant, the T and t alleles segregate during meiosis.

States that the alleles of one gene sort into gametes independently of the alleles of another gene. Example: Seed shape and color genes in pea plants assort independently during meiosis.

A cross between an individual with the dominant phenotype but unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual. Example: Breeding a tall plant (T?) with a short plant (tt) to determine the genotype of the tall plant.

A genetic cross between individuals with different alleles for a single gene locus of interest. Example: Crossing a plant with yellow seeds (YY) with one with green seeds (yy).

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genotype and environmental factors. Example: Brown eyes.

A genotype in which both alleles for a gene are the same. Example: TT (homozygous dominant) or tt (homozygous recessive).