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Photosynthesis Key Elements
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Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll captures sunlight energy to split water molecules and start the photosynthesis process.
Thylakoids
Thylakoids contain pigments like chlorophyll and are the site of the light-dependent reactions.
Stroma
The stroma is the fluid-filled space where the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) take place.
NADP+ and NADPH
NADP+ accepts electrons during the light-dependent reactions to form NADPH, which carries electrons to the Calvin cycle.
ATP Synthase
ATP Synthase generates ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate during the light-dependent reactions.
Carbon Dioxide
CO2 is incorporated into organic molecules during the Calvin cycle (carbon fixation).
Ribulose Bisphosphate (RuBP)
RuBP is a 5-carbon molecule that combines with CO2 to start the Calvin cycle.
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase (Rubisco)
Rubisco is the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle.
Water
Water is split into oxygen, protons, and electrons during the light-dependent reactions.
Light
Light provides the energy that drives the electrons through the photosystems and the electron transport chain.
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