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Molecular Biology Enzymes

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Topoisomerase

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Introduces or removes supercoils in DNA. Used in DNA replication and transcription to alleviate torsional strain.

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T7 RNA Polymerase

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Expresses genes under control of the T7 promoter. Used in high-yield RNA synthesis and in vitro transcription.

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Ribozyme

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An RNA enzyme that catalyzes chemical reactions. Used in ribonucleoprotein complexes and RNA processing.

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Reverse Transcriptase

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Synthesizes DNA from an RNA template. Used in cDNA library construction and RT-PCR.

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Helicase

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Unwinds the double-stranded DNA helix. Used in DNA replication, repair, and transcription.

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Integrase

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Integrates viral DNA into the host genome. Used in the study of retroviral infection and gene therapy.

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RNA Polymerase

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Catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template. Used in transcription.

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Ligase

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Joins two DNA strands together by forming a phosphodiester bond. Used in cloning and DNA repair.

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RNase H

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Degrades the RNA strand of RNA-DNA hybrids. Used in molecular cloning to remove RNA primers during DNA synthesis.

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Endonuclease

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Cleaves the phosphodiester bond within a polynucleotide chain. Used in DNA repair and RNA processing.

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Restriction Endonuclease

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Cuts DNA at specific recognition sequences. Used in molecular cloning and DNA fingerprinting.

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Telomerase

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Mitigates the shortening of telomeres during DNA replication. Used in studying aging and cancer.

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Taq Polymerase

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A heat-stable DNA polymerase used in PCR to amplify DNA.

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Exonuclease

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Removes nucleotides from the ends of DNA. Used in DNA repair and the removal of mismatched nucleotides.

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DNA Polymerase

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Synthesizes DNA molecules by adding nucleotides in a 5' to 3' direction. Used in PCR and DNA replication.

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