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Social Deviance

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Primary Deviance

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Initial act of rule breaking or norm violation that may result in the individual being labeled as deviant but does not affect an individual's self-identity. The concept stems from Edwin Lemert's Symbolic Interactionism.

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Retreatist Deviance

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The rejection of both societal goals and means, leading to withdrawal from society, as explained by Merton's Strain Theory.

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Rebellious Deviance

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Involves rejecting both established societal goals and means and replacing them with alternative ones, often associated with countercultural movements. Merton's Strain Theory also offers a framework for analysis.

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Innovative Deviance

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A response to strain described in Robert K. Merton's Strain Theory, where an individual accepts societal goals but uses illegitimate means to achieve them.

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Corporate Deviance

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Wrongdoings committed by corporate officials on behalf of the corporation and with its support. Often studied using the Conflict Theory to highlight power differentials and inequality.

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Secondary Deviance

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Recurring deviant behavior that is a response to the societal reaction and labeling, often leading to a deviant self-image and further deviation from societal norms. Again, associated with Symbolic Interactionism.

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Conformity

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Not a type of deviance, but the opposite: adherence to societal norms and values. However, it's crucial to understanding deviance from a Functionalism perspective, as it highlights the role of societal norms in promoting social order and stability.

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Ritualistic Deviance

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Occurs when an individual overzealously conforms to social norms and rules, which can be understood through Merton's Strain Theory as a response to societal pressure.

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