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Social Deviance
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Primary Deviance
Initial act of rule breaking or norm violation that may result in the individual being labeled as deviant but does not affect an individual's self-identity. The concept stems from Edwin Lemert's Symbolic Interactionism.
Retreatist Deviance
The rejection of both societal goals and means, leading to withdrawal from society, as explained by Merton's Strain Theory.
Rebellious Deviance
Involves rejecting both established societal goals and means and replacing them with alternative ones, often associated with countercultural movements. Merton's Strain Theory also offers a framework for analysis.
Innovative Deviance
A response to strain described in Robert K. Merton's Strain Theory, where an individual accepts societal goals but uses illegitimate means to achieve them.
Corporate Deviance
Wrongdoings committed by corporate officials on behalf of the corporation and with its support. Often studied using the Conflict Theory to highlight power differentials and inequality.
Secondary Deviance
Recurring deviant behavior that is a response to the societal reaction and labeling, often leading to a deviant self-image and further deviation from societal norms. Again, associated with Symbolic Interactionism.
Conformity
Not a type of deviance, but the opposite: adherence to societal norms and values. However, it's crucial to understanding deviance from a Functionalism perspective, as it highlights the role of societal norms in promoting social order and stability.
Ritualistic Deviance
Occurs when an individual overzealously conforms to social norms and rules, which can be understood through Merton's Strain Theory as a response to societal pressure.
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