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Ecosystem Services and Conservation
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Recreational Services
A cultural service that provides spaces for sports, tourism, and leisure activities. Conserving natural areas promotes human wellbeing and supports the economy.
Cultural Services
Non-material benefits people obtain from ecosystems like recreation, aesthetic enjoyment, and spiritual fulfillment. Conservation enhances quality of life and maintains heritage.
Supporting Services
Services necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services including soil formation, photosynthesis, and nutrient cycling. Their conservation supports the functioning of all ecosystems.
Regulating Services
Benefits obtained from regulation of ecosystem processes such as climate regulation, disease control, and water purification. Conservation is crucial to maintain the natural processes that protect human welfare.
Pest Regulation
A regulating service where natural predators manage pest populations, reducing the need for chemical pesticides. Conservation of natural predator habitats is important for sustainable farming.
Water Purification
A regulating service where ecosystems filter and clean water by removing pollutants through biological, chemical, and physical processes. Conserving wetlands and riparian zones is vital.
Water Cycling
A supporting service involving the distribution and movement of water within ecosystems through processes like evaporation and precipitation. Protecting watersheds and forests is vital.
Flood Mitigation
A regulating service where natural areas like wetlands absorb excess water, reducing the severity of floods. Conservation of these areas helps protect human settlements and infrastructure.
Air Quality Regulation
A regulating service where ecosystems contribute to clean air by absorbing pollutants and emitting oxygen through photosynthesis. Conservation of vegetation is key for maintaining air quality.
Genetic Resources
Provisioning service involving the genetic information found in ecosystem biodiversity that is useful for crop and medicine improvement. Conservation of species diversity ensures this resource is maintained.
Nutrient Cycling
A supporting service where ecosystems recycle nutrients through the decomposition of organic matter, allowing for ecosystem productivity. Preserving this service ensures continued soil fertility and plant growth.
Pollination
A regulating service where insects, birds, and other animals assist in the reproduction of plants. Essential for the preservation of biodiversity and agricultural productivity.
Fisheries
A provisioning service provided by aquatic ecosystems supplying fish and shellfish for human consumption. Sustainable management and conservation practices are necessary to prevent overfishing.
Cultural Identity
A cultural service where ecosystems play a role in maintaining the traditions and heritage of a community. Conservation helps safeguard cultural diversity and practices.
Waste Decomposition
A regulating service where ecosystems break down waste material, recycling nutrients and mitigating pollutants. Conservation of decomposers and their habitats is necessary for this service.
Provisioning Services
Products obtained from ecosystems including food, water, timber, and fiber. Conservation importance lies in sustainable harvesting to avoid depletion of natural resources.
Carbon Sequestration
A regulating service where ecosystems capture and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, mitigating climate change. Conservation of forests and ocean systems is essential.
Soil Erosion Control
A regulating service provided by plant roots and soil organisms that maintain soil stability and fertility. Conservation practices include maintaining vegetation cover and minimizing land disturbance.
Biodiversity Conservation
Supporting service vital for maintaining the variety of life forms on Earth, which contributes to resilience and adaptability of ecosystems. Protecting diverse habitats is critical for safeguarding biodiversity.
Climate Regulation
Regulating service involving the control of climate conditions through natural processes, like the cooling effect of forests and the carbon cycle. Conserving diverse ecosystems helps stabilize climate.
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