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Ecosystem Services and Conservation

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Recreational Services

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A cultural service that provides spaces for sports, tourism, and leisure activities. Conserving natural areas promotes human wellbeing and supports the economy.

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Cultural Services

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Non-material benefits people obtain from ecosystems like recreation, aesthetic enjoyment, and spiritual fulfillment. Conservation enhances quality of life and maintains heritage.

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Supporting Services

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Services necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services including soil formation, photosynthesis, and nutrient cycling. Their conservation supports the functioning of all ecosystems.

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Regulating Services

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Benefits obtained from regulation of ecosystem processes such as climate regulation, disease control, and water purification. Conservation is crucial to maintain the natural processes that protect human welfare.

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Pest Regulation

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A regulating service where natural predators manage pest populations, reducing the need for chemical pesticides. Conservation of natural predator habitats is important for sustainable farming.

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Water Purification

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A regulating service where ecosystems filter and clean water by removing pollutants through biological, chemical, and physical processes. Conserving wetlands and riparian zones is vital.

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Water Cycling

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A supporting service involving the distribution and movement of water within ecosystems through processes like evaporation and precipitation. Protecting watersheds and forests is vital.

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Flood Mitigation

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A regulating service where natural areas like wetlands absorb excess water, reducing the severity of floods. Conservation of these areas helps protect human settlements and infrastructure.

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Air Quality Regulation

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A regulating service where ecosystems contribute to clean air by absorbing pollutants and emitting oxygen through photosynthesis. Conservation of vegetation is key for maintaining air quality.

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Genetic Resources

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Provisioning service involving the genetic information found in ecosystem biodiversity that is useful for crop and medicine improvement. Conservation of species diversity ensures this resource is maintained.

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Nutrient Cycling

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A supporting service where ecosystems recycle nutrients through the decomposition of organic matter, allowing for ecosystem productivity. Preserving this service ensures continued soil fertility and plant growth.

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Pollination

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A regulating service where insects, birds, and other animals assist in the reproduction of plants. Essential for the preservation of biodiversity and agricultural productivity.

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Fisheries

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A provisioning service provided by aquatic ecosystems supplying fish and shellfish for human consumption. Sustainable management and conservation practices are necessary to prevent overfishing.

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Cultural Identity

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A cultural service where ecosystems play a role in maintaining the traditions and heritage of a community. Conservation helps safeguard cultural diversity and practices.

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Waste Decomposition

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A regulating service where ecosystems break down waste material, recycling nutrients and mitigating pollutants. Conservation of decomposers and their habitats is necessary for this service.

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Provisioning Services

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Products obtained from ecosystems including food, water, timber, and fiber. Conservation importance lies in sustainable harvesting to avoid depletion of natural resources.

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Carbon Sequestration

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A regulating service where ecosystems capture and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, mitigating climate change. Conservation of forests and ocean systems is essential.

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Soil Erosion Control

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A regulating service provided by plant roots and soil organisms that maintain soil stability and fertility. Conservation practices include maintaining vegetation cover and minimizing land disturbance.

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Biodiversity Conservation

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Supporting service vital for maintaining the variety of life forms on Earth, which contributes to resilience and adaptability of ecosystems. Protecting diverse habitats is critical for safeguarding biodiversity.

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Climate Regulation

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Regulating service involving the control of climate conditions through natural processes, like the cooling effect of forests and the carbon cycle. Conserving diverse ecosystems helps stabilize climate.

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