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Green infrastructure refers to natural or semi-natural systems that provide services such as clean water, air quality, and flood management. Sustainable application involves using permeable pavements, green roofs, and rain gardens to manage stormwater and reduce urban heat islands.

TOD involves creating urban development that is centered around high-capacity transit systems, making public transportation the backbone of urban growth. This promotes sustainable transportation and reduces the carbon footprint associated with private car use.

Green building refers to the practice of creating structures and using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life cycle. Sustainable applications focus on energy efficiency, water conservation, and the use of sustainable materials.

Complete streets are designed to enable safe access for all users including pedestrians, cyclists, motorists, and transit riders. Sustainable application includes reducing reliance on cars and lowering greenhouse gas emissions by promoting alternative modes of transportation.

Adaptive reuse is the process of repurposing old buildings for new uses, which can significantly reduce materials used and waste generated compared to new constructions. It helps in urban revitalization and preserving cultural heritage.

This phenomenon occurs when urban areas become significantly warmer than their rural surroundings due to human activities. Mitigation includes increasing green spaces, using reflective materials in construction, and promoting green roofs to absorb less heat and reduce cooling loads.

Smart growth covers a range of development and conservation strategies that help protect natural environments and make efficient use of resources. It promotes a pattern of land use which reduces sprawl and fosters community identity and health.

A mixed-use development combines residential, commercial, cultural, institutional, or entertainment uses, where those functions are physically and functionally integrated. Sustainable application includes reduced travel demand and promoting walkability, leading to lower emissions and healthier communities.

Urban infill is the process of developing vacant or under-used parcels within existing urban areas that are already largely developed. Sustainable application includes reducing urban sprawl, utilizing existing infrastructure, and decreasing habitat disruption.

Sustainable transportation networks prioritize public transit, walking, cycling, and other low-emission mobility options over single-occupancy vehicular travel. They encourage integrated transport systems and reduced environmental impact.

Effective waste management and recycling systems are integral to sustainable urban planning by reducing landfill use, conserving resources, and minimizing pollution. They encompass comprehensive waste collection, recycling programs, and waste-to-energy facilities.

Car-free zones are areas where the use of cars is restricted or banned to reduce traffic congestion and pollution, improving walkability and quality of life. Sustainable application encourages the use of public transit, cycling, and walking, leading to lower emissions.

Integrating renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydro, into urban planning contributes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Sustainable application involves using city rooftops, public spaces, and other infrastructures for renewable energy generation.

Climate change adaptation in urban planning involves designing cities to handle the effects of climate change, such as increased flooding, heat waves, and storms. This includes resilient infrastructure, emergency preparedness, and adaptive building designs.

Urban biodiversity involves the promotion and management of a variety of living species within urban areas. Sustainable application includes the creation and maintenance of green spaces and wildlife corridors, which improves ecosystem services and resilience.

WSUD aims to minimize hydrological impacts of urban development by integrating the urban water cycle into urban design. It includes stormwater management, reducing impermeable surfaces, and promoting water recycling and reuse.

Environmental justice ensures that all communities receive equal protection from environmental harms and equal access to environmental benefits. Sustainable urban planning addresses inequalities such as exposure to pollution and lack of green space in lower-income areas.

This concept involves designing cities to maximize energy efficiency, including the orientation of buildings for solar gain, designing spaces to optimize natural ventilation, and promoting the use of renewable energy sources.

Affordable housing ensures that all members of a community have access to safe and affordable accommodation. Sustainable application includes energy-efficient building designs and access to public transit, reducing the overall ecological footprint of housing.

Sustainability indicators and metrics are tools used to measure and monitor the environmental, economic, and social performance of urban areas. These help in making informed decisions and assessing the effectiveness of sustainable practices.

ZEVs are vehicles that emit no tailpipe pollutants from the onboard source of power. Supporting and incentivizing the use of ZEVs in urban planning improves air quality and helps in transitioning towards sustainable transportation systems.

Urban permaculture is the application of permaculture principles in an urban context, focusing on sustainable and self-sufficient ecosystems. Implementation includes community gardens, green roofs, and sustainable landscaping techniques that support biodiversity and food production.

Eco-districts are planned districts that aim to achieve sustainability goals at the neighborhood level. They focus on green buildings, sustainable energy production, and community engagement to reduce environmental impacts.