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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

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Life Cycle Stages

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These stages are divisions of a product's life from raw material extraction to disposal. Identifying these stages is crucial for systematic analysis and targeted interventions.

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Allocation

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Refers to the procedure within LCA for distributing the environmental load of multi-output processes to the different products. Allocation is crucial for fair and accurate impact assessment.

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Interpretation

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The final phase of an LCA involves analyzing the results from LCIA, drawing conclusions, and making recommendations for improvement. Its importance lies in providing actionable insights for stakeholders.

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Inventory Analysis (LCI)

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LCI is the phase where data is collected on inputs and outputs associated with a product system. It is essential for quantifying environmental impact and identifying key areas for improvement.

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Gate-to-Gate

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This approach focuses on a single manufacturing process or series of processes within the production phase. It is important for evaluating operations and process-level efficiency.

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Impact Assessment (LCIA)

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This phase assesses the potential environmental impacts of a product based on inventory data. It is important for interpreting LCI results and guiding decision-making for reduction of environmental footprints.

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Cradle-to-Gate

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An LCA approach that considers a product's life from raw material extraction up to the factory gate, before it is transported to the consumer. It is important for assessing impacts within the production phase.

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Functional Unit

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A crucial concept defined in the Goal and Scope phase, a functional unit is a measure of the system's function that all inputs and outputs can refer to. It's important for comparability and context.

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Cradle-to-Grave

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A comprehensive LCA approach considering all stages from raw material extraction to end-of-life disposal. Its importance lies in providing a full picture of environmental impact.

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System Boundaries

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This term refers to the limits set around the product system to be studied. Defining system boundaries is important to manage the scope and focus of the LCA study.

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Goal and Scope Definition

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This phase involves outlining the LCA study's purpose and determining the breadth and depth of analysis. Importance lies in setting clear boundaries and ensuring the study is aligned with intended use.

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Normalization

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A step in LCIA where the magnitude of impacts is scaled against a reference value. This is important for understanding and comparing the relative significance of different environmental impacts.

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Weighting

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In LCIA, weighting involves assigning relative importance to different environmental impacts based on values and objectives, which is important for decision-making and policy development.

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Data Quality Requirements

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These requirements are established during goal and scope definition to ensure the reliability of the LCA. They are important for the credibility and reproducibility of results.

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Sensitivity Analysis

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A process to assess the robustness of LCA results by evaluating how changes in inputs affect the outputs. Its importance lies in identifying critical assumptions and data.

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