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Severe hot flashes that occur at night and may disrupt sleep. Management includes using light bedclothes, maintaining a cool bedroom environment, and potentially hormone therapy.

An increase in body weight. Management involves a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and sometimes consultation with a dietitian or healthcare provider.

Changes in the menstrual cycle pattern. Management includes tracking periods, speaking with a healthcare provider, and understanding that this is a normal part of perimenopause.

Increased prevalence of aches and pains in joints. Management includes staying active, anti-inflammatory medications, and maintaining a healthy weight.

Thinning and drying of the skin. Management includes using moisturizers, protecting against sun exposure, and staying hydrated.

Sudden feelings of warmth, typically in the upper body. Management includes lifestyle changes such as dressing in layers, avoiding triggers, and, if severe, hormone therapy.

Some women may experience mild forgetfulness or concentration issues. Management includes mental exercises, staying organized, and ensuring adequate sleep.

Decreased moisture and elasticity of vaginal tissues. Management includes the use of lubricants, vaginal moisturizers, and possibly estrogen therapy.

A reduction in sexual desire. Management can include communication with a partner, counseling, and, if related to vaginal dryness, treatment for that symptom.

Reduction in the primary female sex hormone. Management might include hormone replacement therapy (HRT) if symptoms are severe and the patient is a suitable candidate.

Higher risk of weakened bones that are more prone to fracture. Management includes a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular weight-bearing exercise, and medication if necessary.

Alterations in thyroid hormone levels can occur. Management involves regular monitoring of thyroid function and medication to normalize hormone levels if needed.

Loss of bladder control. Management includes pelvic floor exercises, bladder training techniques, and sometimes medication or surgery if lifestyle changes are ineffective.

Emotional volatility and abrupt changes in mood. Management may involve stress reduction strategies, therapy, and if severe, medication.