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Purpose: To examine the appearance of blood cells under a microscope, identifying blood cell disorders. Interpretation: Abnormalities in size, shape, or color of blood cells can indicate various hematologic conditions.

Purpose: To assess iron stores in the body and help diagnose iron deficiency or iron overload. Interpretation: Low levels suggest iron deficiency anemia, while high levels may indicate hemochromatosis or inflammation.

Purpose: To evaluate overall health and detect a variety of disorders, including anemia, infection, and leukemia. Interpretation: Abnormal levels of RBCs, WBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, or platelets may indicate disease or health condition.

Purpose: To evaluate the intrinsic and common pathways of coagulation and monitor heparin therapy. Interpretation: Prolonged PTT can suggest bleeding disorders such as hemophilia, while a short PTT may point to a risk of thrombosis.

Purpose: To assess blood clotting ability and monitor anticoagulant therapy. Interpretation: A prolonged PT can indicate a bleeding disorder or vitamin K deficiency, whereas a short PT can indicate a risk of thrombosis.

Purpose: To help diagnose or rule out thrombotic conditions, such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Interpretation: Elevated levels suggest the presence of an abnormal blood clot.

Purpose: To measure the percentage of reticulocytes in the blood and assess bone marrow function. Interpretation: A high count suggests increased RBC production, often due to anemia, while a low count can indicate bone marrow problems.

Purpose: To monitor long-term glucose control in diabetes and diagnose diabetes. Interpretation: Higher levels indicate poor blood sugar control and increased risk of diabetic complications.

Purpose: To detect inflammation associated with conditions such as infections, cancers, and autoimmune diseases. Interpretation: Elevated ESR can suggest inflammation, but does not diagnose a specific disorder.

Purpose: To measure the proportion of blood volume occupied by red blood cells and help diagnose anemia or polycythemia. Interpretation: Low HCT indicates anemia, high HCT suggests polycythemia or dehydration.

Purpose: To evaluate specific clotting factor activity and diagnose bleeding disorders. Interpretation: Abnormal levels can indicate a deficiency or dysfunction in a particular clotting factor.

Purpose: To detect tissue damage or disease in organs such as the heart, liver, and lungs. Interpretation: High LDH levels can indicate cell damage or disease, but are not specific to any one organ.

Purpose: To measure the range of variation in red blood cell size or volume and help diagnose anemia. Interpretation: An increased RDW can indicate a greater variability in RBC size, often found in anemia.

Purpose: To visualize the morphology of blood cells and diagnose disorders like anemia, malaria, or blood cell pathologies. Interpretation: Abnormalities detected can guide further testing and treatment.