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Iron Metabolism in the Body

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Erythroid precursors and iron

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Role: Utilization of iron for hemoglobin synthesis during red blood cell production. Diseases: Iron deficiency anemia, sideroblastic anemia.

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Heme oxygenase

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Role: Enzyme that degrades heme into biliverdin, free iron, and carbon monoxide. Diseases: Dysfunctional metabolism can lead to jaundice or anemia.

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Intestinal iron absorption

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Role: Uptake of dietary iron through enterocytes in the duodenum. Diseases: Hereditary hemochromatosis, iron deficiency anemia.

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Hemosiderin

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Role: Iron-containing compound meant for storage in tissues. It is a degradation product of ferritin. Diseases: Hemochromatosis.

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Ferroportin

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Role: Iron exporter that releases iron from cells to the plasma, regulated by hepcidin. Diseases: Anemia, iron overload conditions.

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Hepcidin

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Role: Regulates iron absorption and distribution in the body. Diseases: Hemochromatosis, anemia of chronic disease.

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Ferritin

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Role: Iron storage protein that sequesters iron inside cells, preventing toxicity. Diseases: Hemochromatosis, anemia.

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Transferrin

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Role: Iron transport protein in the blood, binding and carrying iron to various tissues. Diseases: Atransferrinemia, iron overload.

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