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Symptoms: Communication difficulties, repetitive behaviors, social challenges. Therapeutic Approaches: Applied behavior analysis (ABA), speech therapy, occupational therapy.

Symptoms: Excessive worry, restlessness, trouble concentrating. Therapeutic Approaches: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), medication (antidepressants), relaxation techniques.

Symptoms: Persistent sadness, loss of interest, changes in appetite. Therapeutic Approaches: Psychotherapy, antidepressants, lifestyle changes.

Symptoms: Inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity. Therapeutic Approaches: Behavioral therapy, medication (stimulants), parent training.

Symptoms: Repeated passing of feces into inappropriate places, may be involuntary or intentional. Therapeutic Approaches: Bowel retraining, dietary changes, counseling.

Symptoms: Extreme mood swings ranging from depressions to mania, high energy, risky behavior. Therapeutic Approaches: Medication (mood stabilizers), psychotherapy, family therapy.

Symptoms: Defiant behavior, anger, irritability. Therapeutic Approaches: Family therapy, behavior modification, social skills training.

Symptoms: Severe temper outbursts, irritability, anger between outbursts. Therapeutic Approaches: Psychotherapy, medication, parent training.

Symptoms: Difficulty reading, writing or math, problems with comprehension, poor memory. Therapeutic Approaches: Special education services, tutoring, accommodations in school.

Symptoms: Aggression towards people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness. Therapeutic Approaches: Multi-systemic therapy, psychotherapy, parent-child interaction therapy.

Symptoms: Withdrawn behavior, lack of emotional response to caregivers, unexplained irritability. Therapeutic Approaches: Therapy focused on building attachments, family therapy, consistent caregiving environment.

Symptoms: Flashbacks, nightmares, severe anxiety. Therapeutic Approaches: Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), medication.

Symptoms: Obsessive thoughts, compulsive rituals, distress when routines are interrupted. Therapeutic Approaches: Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), medication (SSRIs), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).

Symptoms: Involuntary vocal and motor tics, blinking, throat clearing. Therapeutic Approaches: Habit reversal therapy, Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT), medication (antipsychotics).

Symptoms: Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking. Therapeutic Approaches: Antipsychotic medication, psychotherapy, support groups.

Symptoms: Cravings, inability to control use, neglecting responsibilities. Therapeutic Approaches: Behavioral therapy, detoxification, support groups like AA or NA.

Symptoms: Below-average intellectual functioning, difficulties in adaptive behaviors, problems with social skills. Therapeutic Approaches: Special education programs, skills training, family support.

Symptoms: Consistent failure to speak in certain social situations, interferes with education or social communication. Therapeutic Approaches: Behavioral therapy, family therapy, school-based interventions.

Symptoms: Repeated urination into bed or clothes, typically not diagnosed before age 5. Therapeutic Approaches: Moisture alarms, bladder training exercises, medications (like desmopressin).