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Emerging Infections & Pediatric Risk

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Zika Virus

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Can cause congenital Zika syndrome in infants born to infected mothers, Precautionary Measures: Avoiding travel to affected areas; preventing mosquito bites; practicing safe sex.

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Measles

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Can lead to serious complications like encephalitis in children, Precautionary Measures: MMR vaccine; isolation of infected individuals; vitamin A supplementation for severe cases.

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Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Associated with COVID-19, may lead to severe cardiac problems, Precautionary Measures: COVID-19 vaccination; immediate medical attention if symptoms develop post-COVID infection.

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Pertussis (Whooping Cough)

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Can cause serious and potentially fatal complications in infants, Precautionary Measures: DTaP vaccination; cocooning strategy (vaccinating those around the infant); prompt antibiotic treatment.

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Meningococcal Meningitis

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Can lead to rapid onset of severe illness in children, Precautionary Measures: Meningococcal vaccine; prophylactic antibiotics for close contacts; practicing good hygiene.

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Higher risk of severe infection in infants and young children, Precautionary Measures: Good hygiene practices; avoiding close contact with sick individuals; RSV prophylaxis (palivizumab) for high-risk infants.

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Influenza

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Risk of Reye's syndrome if given aspirin, higher complication rates in children, Precautionary Measures: Annual flu vaccination; good hygiene practices; antiviral medication in some cases.

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Enterovirus D68

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Children with asthma may experience severe respiratory illness, Precautionary Measures: Frequent handwashing; avoiding close contact with sick people; asthma control and regular medication.

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Ebola Virus Disease

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: High fatality rate; children may have non-specific symptoms, Precautionary Measures: Avoiding travel to areas with Ebola outbreaks; using appropriate protective gear when caring for sick individuals; supportive care in hospitals.

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Hepatitis A

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Can cause mild to severe liver disease; risk increases with age, Precautionary Measures: Hepatitis A vaccination; practicing good hygiene; safe food and water consumption.

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Varicella (Chickenpox)

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Can lead to severe complications in immunocompromised children, Precautionary Measures: Varicella vaccination; avoidance of aspirin due to Reye's syndrome risk; isolation during infectious period.

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Rotavirus

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Risks Specific to Pediatrics: Severe dehydration due to diarrhea; more common and serious in infants and young children, Precautionary Measures: Rotavirus vaccine; rehydration treatment; maintaining good hygiene practices.

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