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Common Childhood Orthopedic Conditions
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Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Symptoms: Pain and swelling below the knee, Treatment: Rest, ice, and over-the-counter pain relievers.
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)
Symptoms: Joint swelling, pain, stiffness, fever, rash, Treatment: Medications, physical therapy.
Talipes Equinovarus (Clubfoot)
Symptoms: Foot turned inward and downward, Treatment: Casting or braces, potential surgery for correction.
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)
Symptoms: Hip pain, limp, restricted range of motion, Treatment: Surgery to secure the femoral head (pinning).
Patellar Instability
Symptoms: Kneecap dislocation, pain, swelling, Treatment: Rest, immobilization, strength conditioning, surgery if recurrent.
Congenital Muscular Torticollis
Symptoms: Tilted and twisted neck, limited neck mobility, Treatment: Stretching exercises, physical therapy.
Apophysitis of the Tarsal Navicular (Kohler's Disease)
Symptoms: Pain in the midfoot, particularly with pressure, Treatment: Rest, foot supports, sometimes casting.
Scoliosis
Symptoms: Sideways curvature of the spine, uneven shoulders/hips, Treatment: Bracing, surgery in severe cases.
Osteochondritis Dissecans
Symptoms: Joint pain, swelling, locking, Treatment: Rest, physical therapy, surgery if pieces of cartilage and bone become loose.
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Symptoms: Hip pain, limp, muscle wasting around the hip, Treatment: Rest, physical therapy, sometimes surgery.
Adolescent Anterior Knee Pain
Symptoms: Pain around the kneecap, often worsened by activity, Treatment: Physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications.
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)
Symptoms: Unequal leg lengths, asymmetric thigh folds, limited hip abduction, Treatment: Harnessing in infants, surgery in older children.
Nursemaid's Elbow
Symptoms: Elbow pain, refusal to use the arm, Treatment: Reduction maneuver by a healthcare professional.
Sever's Disease
Symptoms: Heel pain, especially during physical activity, Treatment: Stretching, rest, heel pads or orthotic devices.
Pectus Excavatum
Symptoms: Sunken chest appearance, potential respiratory issues, Treatment: Observation, surgery for severe cases.
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