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Common Childhood Orthopedic Conditions

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Osgood-Schlatter Disease

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Symptoms: Pain and swelling below the knee, Treatment: Rest, ice, and over-the-counter pain relievers.

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Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)

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Symptoms: Joint swelling, pain, stiffness, fever, rash, Treatment: Medications, physical therapy.

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Talipes Equinovarus (Clubfoot)

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Symptoms: Foot turned inward and downward, Treatment: Casting or braces, potential surgery for correction.

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Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)

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Symptoms: Hip pain, limp, restricted range of motion, Treatment: Surgery to secure the femoral head (pinning).

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Patellar Instability

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Symptoms: Kneecap dislocation, pain, swelling, Treatment: Rest, immobilization, strength conditioning, surgery if recurrent.

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Congenital Muscular Torticollis

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Symptoms: Tilted and twisted neck, limited neck mobility, Treatment: Stretching exercises, physical therapy.

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Apophysitis of the Tarsal Navicular (Kohler's Disease)

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Symptoms: Pain in the midfoot, particularly with pressure, Treatment: Rest, foot supports, sometimes casting.

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Scoliosis

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Symptoms: Sideways curvature of the spine, uneven shoulders/hips, Treatment: Bracing, surgery in severe cases.

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Osteochondritis Dissecans

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Symptoms: Joint pain, swelling, locking, Treatment: Rest, physical therapy, surgery if pieces of cartilage and bone become loose.

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Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease

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Symptoms: Hip pain, limp, muscle wasting around the hip, Treatment: Rest, physical therapy, sometimes surgery.

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Adolescent Anterior Knee Pain

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Symptoms: Pain around the kneecap, often worsened by activity, Treatment: Physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications.

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Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

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Symptoms: Unequal leg lengths, asymmetric thigh folds, limited hip abduction, Treatment: Harnessing in infants, surgery in older children.

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Nursemaid's Elbow

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Symptoms: Elbow pain, refusal to use the arm, Treatment: Reduction maneuver by a healthcare professional.

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Sever's Disease

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Symptoms: Heel pain, especially during physical activity, Treatment: Stretching, rest, heel pads or orthotic devices.

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Pectus Excavatum

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Symptoms: Sunken chest appearance, potential respiratory issues, Treatment: Observation, surgery for severe cases.

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