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Pediatric Neurological Disorders
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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Signs: Social communication challenges, repetitive behaviors, restricted interests. Common Treatments: Behavioral therapies, occupational therapy, speech therapy.
Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Signs: Fatigue, muscle spasms, difficulty with coordination. Common Treatments: Disease-modifying therapies, steroids, physical therapy.
Down Syndrome
Signs: Intellectual disability, distinct facial features, congenital heart defects. Common Treatments: Early intervention programs, speech therapy, corrective surgeries.
Pediatric Myasthenia Gravis
Signs: Muscle weakness that improves with rest, drooping eyelids, difficulty swallowing. Common Treatments: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, immunosuppressive drugs, thymectomy.
Tourette Syndrome
Signs: Motor and vocal tics, involuntary movements, premonitory urges. Common Treatments: Behavioral therapy, medications (antipsychotics, alpha agonists), deep brain stimulation.
Muscular Dystrophy
Signs: Progressive muscle weakness, difficulty walking, heart problems. Common Treatments: Corticosteroids, physical therapy, mobility aids.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Signs: Loss of consciousness, headache, changes in behavior. Common Treatments: Neurorehabilitation, surgery for severe cases, behavior therapy.
Pediatric Brain Tumors
Signs: Headaches, nausea, vision changes. Common Treatments: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy.
Neurofibromatosis
Signs: Café-au-lait spots, lisch nodules, bone deformities. Common Treatments: Monitoring for complications, surgery for tumors, pain management.
Angelman Syndrome
Signs: Severe intellectual disability, lack of speech, ataxia. Common Treatments: Speech therapy, antiepileptic drugs, physical therapy.
Meningitis
Signs: Fever, stiff neck, headache. Common Treatments: Antibiotics (bacterial), antiviral medication, corticosteroids.
Chiari Malformation
Signs: Headaches, dizziness, muscle weakness. Common Treatments: Pain management, surgery, physical therapy.
Pediatric Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Signs: Rapidly developing weakness, reflex loss, difficulty swallowing. Common Treatments: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), plasmapheresis, supportive care.
Epilepsy
Signs: Seizures, loss of consciousness, sensory disturbances. Common Treatments: Antiepileptic drugs, ketogenic diet, vagus nerve stimulation.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Signs: Inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity. Common Treatments: Stimulant medications, behavioral therapy, psychoeducation.
Rett Syndrome
Signs: Loss of purposeful hand movements, slowed growth, cognitive impairment. Common Treatments: Occupational therapy, speech therapy, medication for symptom relief.
Congenital Hydrocephalus
Signs: Enlarged head size, vomiting, sleepiness. Common Treatments: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement, endoscopic third ventriculostomy, regular monitoring.
Cerebral Palsy
Signs: Muscle stiffness, poor coordination, developmental delays. Common Treatments: Physical therapy, assistive devices, muscle relaxants.
Spina Bifida
Signs: Weakness or paralysis of the legs, bowel and bladder dysfunction, hydrocephalus. Common Treatments: Surgery, physiotherapy, clean intermittent catheterization.
Pediatric Stroke
Signs: Weakness on one side of the body, speech difficulties, seizures. Common Treatments: Rehabilitation therapies, anticoagulant medications, sometimes surgery.
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