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Understanding Pediatric Blood Tests

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Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)

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Expands upon the BMP by additionally assessing liver enzymes, total protein and albumin, giving a broader overview of body function.

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Blood Culture

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Determines the presence of bacteria or fungi in the blood to identify a blood infection (sepsis).

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Iron Panel

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Helps diagnose anemia or iron overload by measuring iron, ferritin, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and transferrin saturation.

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Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

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Measures the rate at which red blood cells sediment in a period of one hour to help detect inflammation.

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Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

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Assesses kidney function by measuring the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood.

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Prothrombin Time (PT)

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Evaluates blood clotting ability by measuring how long it takes blood to clot. Commonly used to monitor patients on anticoagulant therapy.

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Complete Blood Count (CBC)

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Assesses overall health and detects a variety of disorders, including anemia and infection by measuring red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets.

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Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)

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Measures glucose, calcium, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, carbon dioxide, chloride), and kidney function via blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine.

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Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

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A liver enzyme test that can indicate liver damage or disease.

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Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

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Used in pregnancy tests to detect the presence of hCG, which is produced after the embryo attaches to the uterine lining.

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Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

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Evaluates thyroid function and screens for thyroid disorders such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.

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Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)

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A liver enzyme test that helps assess liver health, often assessed together with ALT.

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Lipid Panel

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Evaluates the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases by measuring cholesterol levels, including total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides.

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Hemoglobin A1C

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Provides an average level of blood sugar over the past 2 to 3 months to monitor diabetes control.

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Urinalysis

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Tests urine for various substances to assess kidney function and urinary tract health and can also indicate diabetes or liver disease.

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