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Exercise Metabolism
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Glycolysis
Converts glucose into pyruvate, producing a net gain of ATP for muscular contraction.
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Oxidizes acetyl-CoA to CO2, and produces NADH and FADH2 for oxidative phosphorylation.
Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Transport Chain)
Uses electrons from NADH and FADH2 to create a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.
Beta-Oxidation
Breaks down fatty acids to acetyl-CoA for use in the Citric Acid Cycle.
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
The direct source of energy for muscle contraction during exercise.
Phosphocreatine (PCr) Breakdown
Provides a rapid source of energy through the donation of a phosphate group to ADP to resynthesize ATP.
Gluconeogenesis
The generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate substrates to maintain blood glucose levels during prolonged exercise.
Cori Cycle
Transports lactate produced in muscles to the liver, where it's converted back to glucose.
Protein Catabolism
Breaks down amino acids for energy when carbohydrate stores are depleted during prolonged exercise.
Lipolysis
The breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids, providing substrate for beta-oxidation.
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