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Exercise Metabolism
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Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Transport Chain)
Uses electrons from NADH and FADH2 to create a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.
Beta-Oxidation
Breaks down fatty acids to acetyl-CoA for use in the Citric Acid Cycle.
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
The direct source of energy for muscle contraction during exercise.
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Oxidizes acetyl-CoA to CO2, and produces NADH and FADH2 for oxidative phosphorylation.
Glycolysis
Converts glucose into pyruvate, producing a net gain of ATP for muscular contraction.
Protein Catabolism
Breaks down amino acids for energy when carbohydrate stores are depleted during prolonged exercise.
Gluconeogenesis
The generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate substrates to maintain blood glucose levels during prolonged exercise.
Cori Cycle
Transports lactate produced in muscles to the liver, where it's converted back to glucose.
Phosphocreatine (PCr) Breakdown
Provides a rapid source of energy through the donation of a phosphate group to ADP to resynthesize ATP.
Lipolysis
The breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids, providing substrate for beta-oxidation.
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