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Multicultural Counseling Concepts

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Cultural Competence

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The ability to understand, appreciate, and interact with people from cultures or belief systems different from one's own.

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Microaggressions

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Everyday verbal, nonverbal, and environmental slights or insults that may be hostile, derogatory, or negative messages to target persons based solely upon their marginalized group membership.

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Acculturation

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The process by which individuals adopt the cultural norms of a dominant or host culture, over time.

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Ethnocentrism

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The belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture.

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Cultural Encapsulation

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A lack of understanding, or ignorance, of another's cultural background and the influence this background has on one's current view of the world.

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Worldview

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A psychological perception of the environment that determines how we think, behave, and feel.

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Intersectionality

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The interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender as they apply to a given individual or group, regarded as creating overlapping and interdependent systems of discrimination or disadvantage.

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Privilege

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A special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people.

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Multicultural Counseling Competency

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The ability of the counselor to integrate cultural factors into the therapy process effectively.

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Social Justice

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The concept of fair and just relations between the individual and society, measured by the distribution of wealth, opportunities for personal activity, and social privileges.

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Multicultural Awareness

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The recognition and acknowledgment of the differences and similarities existing among various cultural groups.

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Cultural Identity

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The identity or feeling of belonging to a group. It is part of a person's self-conception and self-perception and is related to nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class, generation, locality, or any kind of social group that has its own distinct culture.

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Code-Switching

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The practice of alternating between two or more languages or varieties of language in conversation.

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Cultural Humility

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The ability to maintain an interpersonal stance that is other-oriented in relation to aspects of cultural identity that are most important to the person.

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Racial Identity Development Models

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Theories that describe how people come to recognize and develop a sense of their racial identity.

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