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Theoretical Approaches to Counseling
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Psychodynamic Approach
Unconscious mind, Defense Mechanisms, Childhood experiences
Cognitive Approach
Automatic thoughts, Cognitive restructuring, Schemas
Behavioral Approach
Conditioning, Reinforcement, Behavior modification
Integrative Approach
Eclecticism, Flexibility in techniques, Personalized therapy
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT)
Miracle question, Scaling questions, Exception seeking
Multicultural Approach
Cultural competence, Awareness of biases, Culturally adapted interventions
Family Systems Approach
Family dynamics, Communication patterns, Homeostasis
Gestalt Approach
Awareness, Here-and-now, Unfinished business
Humanistic Approach
Self-actualization, Unconditional positive regard, Empathy
Existential Approach
Authenticity, Free will, Meaning of life
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