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Self-Talk Strategies for Athletes
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Positive Self-Talk
Encourages and motivates, improving confidence and focus. Methods to improve include using affirmations, practicing gratitude, and visualization techniques.
Negative Self-Talk
Can undermine performance by increasing anxiety and doubt. To improve, practice thought-stopping, reframe negative thoughts, and focus on effort not outcome.
Instructional Self-Talk
Helps with skill acquisition and performance by focusing on technical elements. Improve it by using cue words, breaking skills down, and through repetition.
Motivational Self-Talk
Boosts effort and persistence. Improve by setting specific goals, recalling past achievements, and using inspirational quotes.
Focusing Self-Talk
Helps maintain concentration on the task at hand. To improve, use mindfulness, concentrate on present-moment activity, and eliminate external distractions.
Anxiety-Control Self-Talk
Reduces performance anxiety and stress. Techniques include deep breathing exercises, progressive muscular relaxation, and positive imagery.
Confidence-Boosting Self-Talk
Builds belief in one's abilities, enhancing performance. Improve by countering self-doubt, recalling successful experiences, and setting achievable performance goals.
Problem-Solving Self-Talk
Facilitates overcoming obstacles and errors during performance. Improve by staying solution-focused, embracing challenges as opportunities to learn, and by not fearing mistakes.
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