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Substance Abuse and Athletes
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Alcohol
Consequences: Impaired judgment, injuries, health problems. Psychological treatment: Cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, group therapy.
Steroids
Consequences: Hormonal imbalances, aggressive behavior, legal ramifications. Psychological treatment: Counseling for substance abuse, education on long-term effects, cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Cannabis
Consequences: Decreased coordination, slower reaction times, potential for addiction. Psychological treatment: Psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, contingency management.
Cocaine
Consequences: Heart problems, paranoia, legal issues. Psychological treatment: Cognitive-behavioral therapy, relapse prevention strategies, contingency management.
Painkillers (Opioids)
Consequences: Addiction, overdose risk, weakened immune system. Psychological treatment: Behavioral therapy, support groups, medication-assisted treatment.
Amphetamines
Consequences: Increased risk of stroke, addiction, focus and memory problems. Psychological treatment: Cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational incentives, support groups.
Tobacco
Consequences: Increased risk of heart disease, respiratory issues, decreased athletic performance. Psychological treatment: Behavioral counseling, nicotine replacement therapies, motivational interviewing.
Stimulants (Miscellaneous)
Consequences: Insomnia, anxiety, cardiovascular problems. Psychological treatment: Cognitive-behavioral therapy, stress management techniques, relapse prevention.
Anabolic Agents
Consequences: Infertility, mood disorders, adverse musculoskeletal changes. Psychological treatment: Substance abuse counseling, stress management, acceptance and commitment therapy.
Sleep Medications
Consequences: Dependency, dizziness, cognitive impairment. Psychological treatment: Behavioral sleep interventions, psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia.
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