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Biotech Approaches to Pest Management

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Transgenic Virus Resistant Crops

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Crops with genetic resistance to viruses incorporated into their DNA, reducing the need for chemical control methods. High effectiveness in preventing viral infections in crops.

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Trichogramma Wasps

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Parasitic wasps that lay eggs inside pest insect eggs, providing a biological control option. Effectiveness can be influenced by climate and availability of host eggs.

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Crop Rotation

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The practice of alternating the species or varieties of crops grown on a particular piece of land from one season or year to the next. It disrupts pest life cycles and can reduce pest pressure.

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Bioherbicides

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Biological agents that specifically target weed species, offering alternatives to chemical herbicides. Effectiveness is highly specific to the target weed and environment conditions.

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Endophytic Microorganisms

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Microorganisms that live inside plant tissues and can provide protection against insect pests. The effectiveness varies but offers an environmentally friendly pest control method.

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RNA Interference (RNAi)

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A method that utilizes double-stranded RNA to silence specific genes in pests, resulting in their death or incapacitation. Selectively effective on targeted pests with reduced environmental impact.

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Herbicide-Resistant Crops

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Crops engineered for resistance to specific herbicides, allowing farmers to control weed pests without harming the crop. Highly effective for weed management but may lead to herbicide resistance.

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Biological Control Agents

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Use of natural predators, parasites, or pathogens to manage pest populations. Effectiveness varies depending on agent and environment, but can provide long-term control.

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Plant-Incorporated Protectants (PIPs)

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Pesticides that plants produce from genetic material that has been added to the plant. Provide continuous protection against pests and reduce the need for topical pesticides.

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Push-Pull Strategy

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An agricultural strategy that combines repellent 'push' plants and attractive 'pull' plants to manage pests. Environmental friendly and can be cost-effective, but its effectiveness can vary with local conditions.

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Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

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A systematic approach combining biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools in a way that minimizes economic, health, and environmental risks. Effectiveness depends on correct implementation.

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Phytase-Expressing Transgenic Plants

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Crops engineered to express phytase, improving nutrient availability and possibly deterring certain pests by affecting their digestion. Moderate effectiveness with indirect pest control benefits.

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Biopesticides

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Pesticides derived from natural materials such as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals. Generally less toxic than conventional pesticides and target-specific.

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Genetic Pest Management

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Methods that involve manipulating the genetics of pests to control their populations, such as gene drive systems. Their effectiveness and ethical considerations are currently under research.

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Sterile Insect Technique (SIT)

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A method of pest control that involves releasing sterile males into the wild population to reduce breeding and subsequent pest population. Effectiveness varies but can lead to substantial pest population decline.

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Entomopathogenic Fungi

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Fungi that act as pathogens to insects, suppressing pest populations. Their effectiveness can vary with environmental conditions and application methods.

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Bt Crops

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Crops genetically engineered to produce Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins, which are lethal to certain insect pests. High effectiveness against target pests with minimal impact on non-target species.

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Nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs)

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Viruses that are specific to insect pests and are used as biological control agents. They are highly specific and have minimal impact on non-target species or the environment.

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