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Markers in Plant Biotechnology
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Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) markers
Critical in marker-assisted selection and understanding the genetic basis of complex traits.
Sequence-Tagged Sites (STSs)
Ideal for physical mapping and verifying the presence of specific alleles or genes.
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs)
Used for genome mapping, phylogenetic analysis, and identifying disease-resistant genes.
Expression Sequence Tags (ESTs)
Useful for identifying gene-rich areas and studying gene expression in plant genomes.
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs)
Suitable for the construction of genetic linkage maps and biodiversity studies.
Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences (CAPS)
Practical for marker-assisted selection and validating quantitative trait loci (QTL).
Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs)
Applied in cultivar identification, genetic diversity studies, and parental analysis.
Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs)
Employed for DNA fingerprinting, variety protection, and evolutionary studies.
Derived Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences (dCAPS)
Employed for detecting single base pair changes in sequences and in plant breeding strategies.
Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP)
Applied in mutation detection and as a fine mapping tool in genomics.
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)
Utilized in genetic mapping and for genetic variation assessment in a population.
Target Region Amplification Polymorphism (TRAP)
Used for genotyping, gene mapping and characterizing genetic diversity.
Micro-array-based markers
Used in the analysis of gene expression and the establishment of functional genomics relationships.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)
Useful for high-resolution mapping and marker-assisted selection in plant breeding.
Sequence-Specific Amplified Polymorphisms (SSAPs)
Applied in retrotransposon analysis and tagging genes of interest.
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